CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF SOME POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS ON THE JAPANESE MEDAKA AND GUPPY IN WATERBORNE EXPOSURES
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF SOME POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS ON THE JAPANESE MEDAKA AND GUPPY IN WATERBORNE EXPOSURES
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DOI：
10.1016/0048-9697(90)90370-a
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发表时间：
1990-05-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
LYTLE, TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAWKINS, WE;WALKER, WW;LYTLE, TF
本文综述了苯并(a)芘(BaP)和7,12-二甲基苯(a)蒽(DMBA)这两种多环芳烃(PAH)对日本青鳉(Oryzias latipes)和孔雀鱼(Poecilia reticulata)的致癌作用的研究。通过将 PAH 添加到水中（有或没有二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF) 作为载体），并将该溶液通过各种尺寸的过滤器来制备暴露介质。低暴露介质是不含 DMF 的 0.45 μm 滤液，其 L−1PAH 含量低于 5 μg。中间介质是 DMF 介导的 0.45 μm 滤液，其中含有 30–50 μg L−1 的 PAH。高培养基是 DMF 介导的玻璃纤维滤液，其中含有 150–250 μg L−1 的 PAH。幼鱼标本（6-10 日龄）每周接受一次 6 小时的暴露，持续 2 至 4 周。 BaP 和 DMBA 都会诱发这两个物种的肝脏肿瘤，其中青鳉比孔雀鱼更敏感，而 DMBA 是比 BaP 更强的致癌物质。肝脏肿瘤几乎完全在接触 BaP 后发生，并且肿瘤仅限于高浓度暴露，而 DMBA 引起大量肝外肿瘤以及肝脏肿瘤，特别是在青鳉中。此外，所有三种浓度的 DMBA 都会诱发青鳉的肝脏肿瘤，除了低浓度外，所有浓度的 DMBA 都会诱发孔雀鱼的肝脏肿瘤。这些研究证明了两种水生多环芳烃在短暂暴露于极低浓度后对两种小型鱼类产生致癌作用，并支持了环境多环芳烃可能导致野生鱼类癌症发生的论点。
In this paper, we review studies on the carcinogenic effects of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), on the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Exposure media were prepared by adding PAHs to water, with and without dimethylformamide (DMF) as a carrier, and passing this solution through various sized filters. The low exposure medium was a 0.45 μm filtrate without DMF that contained less than 5 μg L−1PAH. The intermediate medium was a DMF-mediated 0.45 μm filtrate which contained 30–50 μg L−1of PAH. The high medium was a DMF-mediated glass-fibre filtrate which contained 150–250 μg L−1of PAH. Young fish specimens (6–10 d old) were given a 6 h exposure once weekly for 2 to 4 wk. Both BaP and DMBA induced hepatic neoplasms in the two species, with the medaka being more sensitive than the guppy, and DMBA being a stronger carcinogen than BaP. Liver neoplasms almost exclusively developed after exposure to BaP and the neoplasms were limited to the high concentration exposure, whereas DMBA caused a substantial number of extrahepatic neoplasms as well as hepatic ones, especially in the medaka. Furthermore, all three concentrations of DMBA induced hepatic neoplasms in the medaka and all but the low concentration induced neoplasms in the guppy. These studies demonstrate the carcinogenic effects of two waterborne PAHs on two small fish species following brief exposures to very low concentrations, and support the contention that environmental PAHs can contribute to the occurrence of cancer in wild fishes.