Effectiveness of safety measures recommended for prevention of workplace homicide
Effectiveness of safety measures recommended for prevention of workplace homicide
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.287.8.1011
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发表时间：
2002-02-27
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Butts, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loomis, D;Marshall, SW;Butts, JD
谋杀是美国工人工作中死亡的第二大原因。政府机构建议雇主通过采取最初旨在预防抢劫的干预措施来预防对工人的暴力，但这些干预措施的有效性尚不清楚。目的调查现有的行政和环境干预措施对预防工作场所凶杀的有效性。研究对象：北卡罗来纳州工作场所，1994年1月1日至1998年3月31日期间，通过全州范围内的法医系统（例数; n=105）和在同一时期从商业电话列表中选择的与行业匹配的危险工作场所随机样本（对照; n=210）。主要结果测量工人因凶杀死亡的风险。结果在环境干预措施中，工人在工作中死亡的风险的强烈和持续的降低与明亮的外部照明有关（比值比[OR]，0.5; 95%置信区间[CI]，0.3-1.0）。在行政干预措施中，最大的有益效果是防止工人在夜间独处的人员配备做法（OR，0.4; 95% CI，0.2-0.9）。在工作时间关门也与风险大幅降低相关（OR，0.4; 95% CI，0.1-1.1），但无统计学意义。5个或更多的行政措施的组合与显着较低的风险水平（OR，0.1; 95%CI，0.0-0.5）。结论我们发现的证据表明，消除单独在夜间工作，可以降低工人的杀人风险。关上门和使用明亮的外部照明或行政干预的组合似乎也是有益的，但没有证据表明其他一些建议措施的有效性。
Context Homicide is the second leading cause of death on the job for US workers. Government agencies recommend that employers prevent violence against workers by adopting interventions originally designed to prevent robbery, but the effectiveness of these interventions is unknown.Objective To investigate the effectiveness of existing administrative and environmental interventions recommended for preventing workplace homicide.Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based case-control study of North Carolina workplaces where a worker had been killed between January 1, 1994, and March 31,1998, identified through a statewide medical examiner system (cases; n=105) and an industry-matched random sample of workplaces at risk during the same period, selected from business telephone listings (controls; n=210).Main Outcome Measure Risk of death of a worker due to homicide.Results Among environmental interventions, strong and consistent reductions in the risk of a worker being killed on the job were associated with bright exterior lighting (odds ratio [OR], 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-1.0). Among administrative interventions, the largest beneficial effect was for staffing practices that prevented workers from being alone at night (OR, 0,4; 95% Cl, 0.2-0.9). Keeping doors closed during working hours was also associated consistently with substantially reduced risk (OR, 0.4; 95% Cl, 0.1-1.1) but was not statistically significant. Combinations of 5 or more administrative measures were associated with significantly lower levels of risk (OR, 0.1; 95% Cl, 0.0-0.5).Conclusions We found evidence suggesting that eliminating solo work at night could reduce the risk of homicide for workers. Keeping doors closed and using bright exterior lighting or combinations of administrative interventions also appear to be beneficial, but there was no evidence of effectiveness for a number of other recommended measures.