African-language Literature and Postcolonial Criticism
African-language Literature and Postcolonial Criticism
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非洲语言文学与后殖民批评
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Barber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Barber
20世纪80年代和1990年代的“后殖民”批评——既延续又颠倒了1960年代发起的“英联邦”批评——提倡了一种二元化、普遍化的世界模式，其效果是从视野中消除了非洲语言的表达。这种模式产生了一幅贫乏且扭曲的“殖民经历”图景以及语言在该经历中的地位。它保持了中心与外围的极性，这既夸大又简化了欧洲语言殖民强加的影响。它将殖民国家变成了不变的巨石，而被殖民主体变成了同质化的象征：正如麦克林托克所说，“那个最乏味、通用的东西，‘后殖民他者’”——一个他者的经历很大程度上取决于他或她与大都市中心的关系，以至于阶级、性别和其他当地历史和社会压力被忽略了。1尽管断断续续地声称特殊性，但这种模式阻碍了对任何殖民和殖民场景的正确历史的、本地化的理解。非洲独立后的文学创作。
The ‘postcolonial’ criticism of the 1980s and 1990s — which both continues and inverts the ‘Commonwealth’ criticism inaugurated in the 1960s — has promoted a binarized, generalized model of the world which has had the effect of eliminating African-language expression from view. This model has produced an impoverished and distorted picture of ‘the colonial experience’ and the place of language in that experience. It has maintained a centre-periphery polarity which both exaggerates and simplifies the effects of the colonial imposition of European languages. It turns the colonizing countries into unchanging monoliths, and the colonized subject into a homogenized token: ‘that most tedious, generic hold-all, “the postcolonial Other” ’, as McClintock puts it — an Other whose experience is determined so overwhelmingly by his or her relation to the metropolitan centre that class, gender and other local historical and social pressures are elided.1 Despite intermittent claims to specificity, this model blocks a properly historical, localized understanding of any scene of colonial and post-Independence literary production in Africa.