Offshoring and unemployment in a credit-constrained economy
Offshoring and unemployment in a credit-constrained economy
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信贷受限经济中的离岸外包和失业
DOI：
10.1016/j.jinteco.2017.12.002
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bulent Unel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bulent Unel
本文建立了一个两部门的小型开放经济模型，其中产品市场是完全竞争的，但资本和劳动力市场表现出摩擦。每个人的管理能力各不相同，并根据利润机会和劳动力市场条件选择成为企业家或工人。该模式产生了三个群体：面临失业前景的低收入工人、在国内生产的中等收入企业家和将一些任务外包到国外的高收入企业家。减少金融摩擦会促使更多的人成为企业家，增加离岸外包公司和任务的数量，并改善个人收入和福利分配。当任务的可替代性较低，劳动力在生产中的份额较高时，它会降低失业率。本文还研究了降低离岸外包成本和劳动力市场摩擦对企业家数量、离岸决策、收入分配和失业的影响。
This paper develops a two-sector small open economy model of offshoring where product markets are perfectly competitive, but capital and labor markets exhibit frictions. Individuals differ with respect to their managerial ability, and choose to become entrepreneurs or workers depending on profit opportunities and labor market conditions. The model generates three groups: low-income workers facing the prospect of unemployment, middle-income entrepreneurs producing domestically, and high-income entrepreneurs offshoring some tasks abroad. Lowering financial frictions induces more individuals to become entrepreneurs, increases the masses of offshoring firms and tasks, and improves personal income and welfare distribution. It reduces unemployment when tasks are less substitutable and labor share in production is high. The paper also investigates the impact of reducing offshoring costs and labor market frictions on the mass of entrepreneurs, decision to offshore, income distribution, and unemployment.