Interrenal dysfunction in fish from contaminated sites: In vivo and in vitro assessment
Interrenal dysfunction in fish from contaminated sites: In vivo and in vitro assessment
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DOI：
10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hontela, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hontela, A
皮质醇在硬骨鱼头肾肾间细胞中合成，在对物理和化学应激的生理反应中起重要作用。急性暴露于镉或汞等应激源的生理活性鱼类血浆皮质醇水平升高。长期低水平照射的影响还不太清楚。我们已经诊断出一种内分泌功能障碍的特点是降低的能力，以提高血浆皮质醇水平，在一个急性标准化的捕获压力在黄鲈鱼（鲈鱼）和北方梭子鱼（狗鱼）采样污染物（重金属，多环芳烃，多氯联苯），重金属，或漂白硫酸盐纸浆厂废水的混合物污染的网站。我们对鱼类和两栖动物在污染地点的研究表明，低水平的慢性暴露损害皮质类固醇的分泌。我们已经开发了新的测试，通过使用促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）的挑战，在体内和体外的硬骨鱼和两栖动物肾间组织的功能完整性的评估。对ACTH的反应能力降低表明对应激源的正常神经内分泌反应可能被破坏，并且在受损动物中科普环境中的生物和非生物应激源的能力可能显著降低。
Cortisol, synthesized in the interrenal cells of teleost head kidney, has a major role in the physiologic response to physical and chemical stressors. Plasma levels of cortisol increase in physiologically competent fish acutely exposed to stressors such as cadmium or mercury. The effects of chronic low level exposures are less well understood. We have diagnosed an endocrine impairment characterized by a reduced capacity to elevate plasma cortisol levels in response to an acute standardized capture stress in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and in northern pike (Esox lucius) sampled at sites contaminated by mixtures of pollutants (heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls), by heavy metals, or by bleached kraft mill effluent. Our studies with fish, as well as with amphibians at contaminated sites, demonstrated that low level chronic exposures impair secretion of corticosteroids. We have developed new tests for assessment of the functional integrity of teleost and amphibian interrenal tissue by using an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge, in vivo and in vitro. The reduced ability to respond to ACTH indicates that the normal neuroendocrine response to stressors may be disrupted and that the ability to cope with biotic and abiotic stressors in the environment may be significantly reduced in the impaired animals.