Retrieval-induced forgetting of words with negative emotionality.
Retrieval-induced forgetting of words with negative emotionality.
复制标题
检索引起的带有负面情绪的单词的遗忘。
作者：
Kobayashi;M. & Tanno;Y.
一段记忆的恢复会导致其他相关记忆的遗忘。这种现象被称为检索诱导遗忘（RIF）。以往的研究表明，关于消极词的RIF的结果是混合的，这表明它应该重新考虑。我们使用了词干线索回忆测试，以重新检查是否RIF发生负面的话。被试为30名（男11名，女19名）19-22岁的大学生（M = 19.83，SD =0.75），学习中性和负面情绪性的目标词。然后，他们通过完成一个单词片段回忆测试，对一半的中性目标和一半的负面目标进行提取练习。最后，一个干线索回忆测试，包括所有研究的目标管理。实验结果表明，中性词的提取练习会导致未练习过的中性词的遗忘，而否定词的提取练习不会导致未练习过的否定词的遗忘。我们将否定词的RIF缺失归因于基线紧缩或整合，这两种情况都是由否定词之间的相互关系产生的。究竟是基线紧缩还是基线整合是影响消极词RIF缺失的主要因素，还有待进一步研究。
Retrieval of a memory can cause forgetting of other related memories. This phenomenon is known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). Previous studies have shown the results with respect to RIF of negative words were mixed, suggesting that it should be reconsidered. We used a stem-cued recall test to re-examine whether RIF occurs for negative words. A total of 30 undergraduate university students (11 male, 19 female) aged 19–22 years (M =19.83,SD =0.75) learned target words with neutral and negative emotionality. They then engaged in retrieval practice for half of the neutral and half of the negative targets by completing a word-fragment recall test. Finally a stem-cued recall test encompassing all studied targets was administered. The results of this test revealed that retrieval practice of neutral words caused forgetting of unpractised neutral words, but retrieval practice of negative words did not induce forgetting of unpractised negative words. We attribute the absence of RIF for negative words to baseline deflation or to integration, which were both generated by the inter-relationships between negative words. Further study is needed to clarify which factor, baseline deflation or integration, mainly influences the lack of RIF of negative words.