Intraspecific phenotypic variation in a fish predator affects multitrophic lake metacommunity structure.
Intraspecific phenotypic variation in a fish predator affects multitrophic lake metacommunity structure.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.878
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Post, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howeth, Jennifer G.;Weis, Jerome J.;Brodersen, Jakob;Hatton, Elizabeth C.;Post, David M.
进化生态学的当代观点表明，捕食者在具有重要生态意义的特征上的种群差异能够对当地群落结构产生多样化的生态选择。许多承认种内变异这些影响的研究假定，当地种群所处的群落与同一区域内的类似群落没有联系。集合群落生态学的近期研究表明，物种在群落间的扩散也能影响物种多样性和组成，但可能取决于当地环境的相对重要性。在此，我们研究了一种鱼类捕食者的种内表型变异以及与浮游生物物种扩散相关的空间过程对多营养级湖泊浮游生物集合群落结构的相对影响。在沿海湖泊中，食浮游生物的鱼类美洲西鲱（Alosa pseudoharengus）的觅食特征和停留时间的种内多样化产生了支持三种湖泊类型的湖泊集合群落，这三种湖泊类型在美洲西鲱的表型和出现情况上有所不同：有溯河产卵型、陆封型美洲西鲱的湖泊，以及没有美洲西鲱的湖泊。在沿海湖泊中，浮游生物群落组成归因于扩散与当地环境预测因子，包括美洲西鲱的种内变异。此外，还测量了浮游动物和浮游植物的局域多样性和β多样性对美洲西鲱种内变异的响应。浮游动物群落是由物种分选形成的，美洲西鲱的种内变异有很强的影响。种内变异改变了浮游动物的物种丰富度和β多样性，有陆封型美洲西鲱的湖泊群落的丰富度介于有溯河产卵型美洲西鲱的湖泊和没有美洲西鲱的湖泊之间，且群落相似性更高。相比之下，浮游植物多样性在有陆封型美洲西鲱的湖泊中最高。结果表明，该地区的浮游生物扩散提供了一个受美洲西鲱种内变异强烈影响的迁移群体。这是首批证明捕食者的种内表型变异能够维持集合群落中多营养级多样性的对比模式的研究之一。
Contemporary insights from evolutionary ecology suggest that population divergence in ecologically important traits within predators can generate diversifying ecological selection on local community structure. Many studies acknowledging these effects of intraspecific variation assume that local populations are situated in communities that are unconnected to similar communities within a shared region. Recent work from metacommunity ecology suggests that species dispersal among communities can also influence species diversity and composition but can depend upon the relative importance of the local environment. Here, we study the relative effects of intraspecific phenotypic variation in a fish predator and spatial processes related to plankton species dispersal on multitrophic lake plankton metacommunity structure. Intraspecific diversification in foraging traits and residence time of the planktivorous fish alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) among coastal lakes yields lake metacommunities supporting three lake types which differ in the phenotype and incidence of alewife: lakes with anadromous, landlocked, or no alewives. In coastal lakes, plankton community composition was attributed to dispersal versus local environmental predictors, including intraspecific variation in alewives. Local and beta diversity of zooplankton and phytoplankton was additionally measured in response to intraspecific variation in alewives. Zooplankton communities were structured by species sorting, with a strong influence of intraspecific variation in A. pseudoharengus. Intraspecific variation altered zooplankton species richness and beta diversity, where lake communities with landlocked alewives exhibited intermediate richness between lakes with anadromous alewives and without alewives, and greater community similarity. Phytoplankton diversity, in contrast, was highest in lakes with landlocked alewives. The results indicate that plankton dispersal in the region supplied a migrant pool that was strongly structured by intraspecific variation in alewives. This is one of the first studies to demonstrate that intraspecific phenotypic variation in a predator can maintain contrasting patterns of multitrophic diversity in metacommunities.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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