Gonadotropic control of ovarian follicular growth and development
Gonadotropic control of ovarian follicular growth and development
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DOI：
10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00469-5
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发表时间：
2001-06-20
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hillier, SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hillier, SG
发育相关的旁分泌信号使卵泡对卵泡刺激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）敏感，这对每个排卵月经周期中出现单个优势卵泡至关重要。性类固醇、胰岛素样生长因子和转化生长因子β超家族成员是卵泡旁分泌系统的重要参与者。FSH通过膜相关颗粒细胞受体（FSHR）刺激颗粒细胞增殖和分化。在周期开始时最敏感的卵泡是第一个产生雌激素并表达颗粒细胞LHR的卵泡。由FSH和LH激活的旁分泌信号维持生长和雌激素分泌，直到垂体释放排卵诱导的LH峰。然后LH重新编程颗粒细胞功能。导致卵泡壁的终末分化（黄体化）破裂和可受精卵的释放。由LH激增调节的基因协调了排卵所必需的性类固醇产生、代谢和作用的深刻变化。排卵前的颗粒细胞也增加了将可的松代谢为皮质醇的能力。这可能是局部抗炎机制的一部分，以促进破裂的卵巢表面的快速愈合。(C)2001爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Developmenr-related paracrine cues that sensitize follicles to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are crucial to the emergence of a single dominant follicle in each ovulatory menstrual cycle. Sex steroids, insulin-like growth factors and members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily are keg; players in the follicular paracrine system. FSH ac ts through membrane-associated granulosa cell receptors (FSHR) to stimulate granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation. The most responsive Follicle at the beginning of the cycle is the first to produce estrogen and express granulosa cell LHR. Paracrine signalling activated by FSH and LH sustains growth and oestrogen secretion until an ovulation-inducing LH surge is discharged by the pituitary gland. LH then reprogrammes granulosa cell function. leading to terminal differentiation (luteinization) rupture of the follicle wail, and release of the fertilizable egg. The genes regulated by the LH surge orchestrate profound changes in sex steroid production, metabolism and action which are necessary for ovulation. Preovulatory granulosa cells also increase their ability to metabolise cortisone to cortisol. which may be part of a local anti-inflammatory mechanism to promote rapid healing of the ruptured ovarian surface. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.