THE ROLE OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS IN INSIGHTFUL PROBLEIA-SOLVING
THE ROLE OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS IN INSIGHTFUL PROBLEIA-SOLVING
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DOI：
10.1037/h0059937
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发表时间：
1945-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Birch, Herbert G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Birch, Herbert G.
本研究旨在探讨不同程度的动机对解决洞察力可能问题情境的方式和效率的影响。受试者是6只年轻的黑猩猩，他们被持续2到48小时的食物剥夺所激励。使用了6个字符串问题和11个棍子问题。结果发现，问题解决并不简单的结果的结构的问题的情况下，但在很大程度上是由动物的动机条件。中等程度的动机比弱动机或非常强的动机更有效率。“当动机非常低时，动物很容易被外部因素从问题中转移出来，行为往往会恶化为一系列非目标导向的行为。在非常强烈的动机条件下，动物专注于目标，相对排斥对解决问题至关重要的其他特征。”（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
This is a study of the effect of varying degrees of motivation upon the manner and efficiency of solving insight-possible problem situations. The subjects were 6 young chimpanzees who were differentially motivated by food deprivations lasting from 2 to 48 hours. Six string problems and 11 stick problems were used. It was found that problem solving is not simply the result of the structure of the problem situation but is determined to a large extent by the motivational condition of the animal. Intermediate degrees of motivation result in greater efficiency than either weak or very strong ones." When motivation is very low the animals are easily diverted from the problem by extraneous factors and behavior tends to deteriorate into a series of non-goal-directed acts. Under conditions of very intense motivation, the animals concentrated upon the goal to the relative exclusion of other features of the situation which were essential to the solution of the problem."(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)