bdrmap: Inference of Borders Between IP Networks
bdrmap: Inference of Borders Between IP Networks
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bdrmap：IP 网络之间边界的推断
DOI：
10.1145/2987443.2987467
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Claffy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Luckie;A. Dhamdhere;B. Huffaker;D. Clark;K. Claffy
我们解决了在Traceroute中自动并正确推断网络边界的乏味且未解决的问题。我们解释了为什么在现实世界中，这样的概念上简单的任务如此艰难，以及几十年来缺乏进步如何阻碍了广泛的研发工作。我们开发并验证一种使用有针对性的示踪剂的方法，对示踪特征的知识以及在一组结构化启发式方法中对拓扑约束的编纂，以正确地识别单个边界路由器粒度的域间链接。在这项研究中，我们关注的是网络边界，我们最有信心在存在采样偏见的情况下可以准确推断出：启动Traceroute网络的域间链接。我们开发了算法的可扩展实现，并根据3277个链接提供的四个网络提供的地面真相信息验证它，该信息显示96.3％-98.9％的推论是正确的。在美国大型宽带提供商中分布了19个优势点（VPS），我们使用我们的方法揭示了一些ASE之间的路由器级互连密度。 2016年1月，宽带提供商与级别1同行有45个路由器级别的链接。我们还量化了观察ISP的ISP间连接所需的VP部署，并且需要17个VP才能观察所有45个链接。我们的方法构成了我们正在构建的系统的基石，以绘制域间的性能，并发布代码。
We tackle the tedious and unsolved problem of automatically and correctly inferring network boundaries in traceroute. We explain why such a conceptually simple task is so hard in the real world, and how lack of progress has impeded a wide range of research and development efforts for decades. We develop and validate a method that uses targeted traceroutes, knowledge of traceroute idiosyncrasies, and codification of topological constraints in a structured set of heuristics, to correctly identify interdomain links at the granularity of individual border routers. In this study we focus on the network boundaries we have most confidence we can accurately infer in the presence of sampling bias: interdomain links attached to the network launching the traceroute. We develop a scalable implementation of our algorithm and validate it against ground truth information provided by four networks on 3,277 links, which showed 96.3% -- 98.9% of our inferences were correct. With 19 vantage points (VPs) distributed across a large U.S. broadband provider, we use our method to reveal the tremendous density of router-level interconnection between some ASes. In January 2016, the broadband provider had 45 router-level links with a Tier-1 peer. We also quantify the VP deployment required to observe this ISP's interdomain connectivity, with 17 VPs required to observe all 45 links. Our method forms the cornerstone of the system we are building to map interdomain performance, and we release our code.