Chemistry topics posing incommensurate difficulty to students with low math aptitude scores

Chemistry topics posing incommensurate difficulty to students with low math aptitude scores
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化学主题给数学能力分数低的学生带来了不相称的难度

DOI:
10.1039/c8rp00115d
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Lewis, Scott E.
Lewis, Scott E.
中科院分区:
教育学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ralph, Vanessa R.;Lewis, Scott E.

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在本科化学课程中,对有学习失败风险的学生的识别在文献中得到了很大的解决。可以说,SAT(SAT-M)的数学部分是预测本科生在化学方面取得成功的最有力、最有根据的预测因素之一。SAT-M是由美国大学理事会管理的一项大学入学标准化考试。虽然SAT-M成绩垫底四分位数的学生(在这里被称为风险学生)在第一学期的化学评估中表现明显较差,但人们对这些学生在哪些主题上存在差异知之甚少。这项研究的目的是提供洞察力,以了解哪些第一学期的化学主题对高危学生构成了不相称的挑战。通过SAT-M分数,学生被确定为有风险或没有风险。学生的评估反应是在一所大型公立大学(N=5636)的四个学期的第一学期化学课程中收集的。高危学生在所有科目上都表现得很吃力,但在摩尔概念和化学计量学方面表现得不成比例。分析话题的趋势表明,高危学生的挣扎并不完全归因于严重依赖算法或代数数学的话题。此外,被发现在摩尔概念和化学计量学上表现良好的高危学生继续表现与他们的非高危同龄人相似。这些结果支持了对这些主题的教学强调,回顾的文献提供了有希望的、实用的选择,以更好地服务于处于危险中的学生,并扩大在科学中的代表性。
The identification of students at risk for academic failure in undergraduate chemistry courses has been heavily addressed in the literature. Arguably one of the strongest and most well-supported predictors of undergraduate success in chemistry is the mathematics portion of the SAT (SAT-M), a college-entrance, standardized test administered by the College Board. While students scoring in the bottom quartile of the SAT-M (herein referred to as at-risk) perform significantly worse on first-semester chemistry assessments, little is known of the topics on which these students differentially struggle. The purpose of this study is to provide insight as to which first-semester chemistry topics present an incommensurate challenge to at-risk students. Students were identified as either at-risk or not at-risk via SAT-M scores. Students’ assessment responses were collected across four semesters of first-semester chemistry courses at a large, public university (N = 5636). At-risk students struggled consistently across all topics but disproportionately with mole concept and stoichiometry. Analyzing the trend in topics suggests that the struggles of at-risk students are not entirely attributable to topics that rely heavily on algorithms or algebraic math. Moreso, at-risk students found to have performed well on mole concept and stoichiometry went on to perform similarly as their not at-risk peers. The results support an instructional emphasis on these topics with reviewed literature offering promising, practical options to better serve at-risk students and broaden representation in the sciences.
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