How well do we know the Antarctic marine fauna? A preliminary study of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in Southern Ocean gastropod and bivalve molluscs
How well do we know the Antarctic marine fauna? A preliminary study of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in Southern Ocean gastropod and bivalve molluscs
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00380.x
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Crame, J. Alistair
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke, Andrew;Griffiths, Huw J.;Crame, J. Alistair
本研究的目的是使用腹足类和双壳类软体动物的数据，以确定是否有足够的南大洋的动物群是众所周知的，以建立强大的地理和宏观生态模式。我们之所以选择软体动物进行这项工作，是因为它们几乎被每一次南极洲的生物考察所收集，并且在分类学上相对较为人所知。大陆架动物的取样相当充分和广泛，尽管仍在描述新的物种，在威尔克斯地和别林斯高晋海和阿蒙森海的取样有很大的差距。在研究活动最激烈的地区，物种丰富度最高，即使在对采样强度进行校正后，这种模式仍然存在。与许多热带地点相比，南大洋软体动物区系的物种丰富度较低，这一点已得到证实，主要与缺乏一些热带组合特有的大量稀有类群有关。目前还没有令人信服的证据表明，在南大洋内的软体动物多样性的纬度渐变。多变量分析定义的地理省份非常相似，以前建立的，虽然他们也确定了一些更精细的规模分省，包括一个小面积的高多样性关闭恩德比土地。大多数南大洋腹足类和双壳类是罕见的，分布有限;相对较少的分类群有极地分布。
The aim of this study was to use data for gastropod and bivalve molluscs to determine whether the fauna of the Southern Ocean is sufficiently well known to establish robust biogeographical and macroecological patterns. We chose molluscs for this work because they have been collected by almost every biological expedition to Antarctica, and are relatively well known taxonomically. Sampling of the continental shelf fauna is reasonably full and extensive, although new species are still being described and there are significant gaps in sampling off Wilkes Land and in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas. Species richness was highest in those areas that have been subject to the most intense research activity and this pattern remained even after correction for sampling intensity. The low species richness of the Southern Ocean molluscan fauna compared with many tropical sites is confirmed, and is related principally to the absence of the large number of rare taxa that characterize some tropical assemblages. There is as yet no convincing evidence for a latitudinal cline in molluscan diversity within the Southern Ocean. Multivariate analyses defined biogeographical provinces very similar to those established previously, though they also identified a number of finer-scale sub-provinces including a small area of high diversity off Enderby Land. Most Southern Ocean gastropods and bivalves are rare, with limited distributions; relatively few taxa have circumpolar distributions.