New Prototype Screened Doors and Windows for Excluding Mosquitoes from Houses: A Pilot Study in Rural Gambia.
New Prototype Screened Doors and Windows for Excluding Mosquitoes from Houses: A Pilot Study in Rural Gambia.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.18-0660
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lindsay SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jawara M;Jatta E;Bell D;Burkot TR;Bradley J;Hunt V;Kandeh B;Jones C;Manjang AM;Pinder M;Stone S;D'Alessandro U;Knudsen J;Lindsay SW
尽管有令人信服的证据表明，现代住房可以预防疟疾，但流行地区的房屋通常仍然容易被蚊子叮咬。在冈比亚的一个村庄，评估了四个原型屏蔽门和两个窗户设计对蚊子进入房屋的保护效果，它们对室内气候的影响，以及它们的使用，耐用性和可接受性。基线调查收集了所有房屋和离散家庭单元的数据，每个单元由一个前室和一个后室组成，被选择并随机分配到研究组。每个原型自动关闭的屏蔽门和窗分别安装在6个和12个单元中，其中6个单元作为对照。与对照房屋相比，所有原型门都将进入房屋的蚊子数量减少了59-77%。带纱门的房屋的室内气候与对照房屋相似。79%的夜间开门发生在黄昏至午夜，疟疾病媒开始进入房屋。安装十周后，门窗状况良好，尽管38%的门没有完全自动关闭和闩锁（快速关闭）。新门窗受到居民欢迎。原型门与穿孔的手风琴屏幕是性能最好的门，因为它减少了蚊子的进入，保持功能齐全，是村民的首选。在常规病媒控制投资难以维持的情况下，纱窗可能是减少病媒接触和在消灭疟疾后保持地区无疟疾的有用工具。
Despite compelling evidence that modern housing protects against malaria, houses in endemic areas are still commonly porous to mosquitoes. The protective efficacy of four prototype screened doors and two windows designs against mosquito house entry, their impact on indoor climate, as well as their use, durability and acceptability was assessed in a Gambian village. A baseline survey collected data on all the houses and discrete household units, each consisting of a front and back room, were selected and randomly allocated to the study arms. Each prototype self-closing screened door and window was installed in six and 12 units, respectively, with six unaltered units serving as controls. All prototype doors reduced the number of house-entering mosquitoes by 59–77% in comparison with the control houses. The indoor climate of houses with screened doors was similar to control houses. Seventy-nine percentage of door openings at night occurred from dusk to midnight, when malaria vectors begin entering houses. Ten weeks after installation the doors and windows were in good condition, although 38% of doors did not fully self-close and latch (snap shut). The new doors and windows were popular with residents. The prototype door with perforated concertinaed screening was the best performing door because it reduced mosquito entry, remained fully functional, and was preferred by the villagers. Screened doors and windows may be useful tools for reducing vector exposure and keeping areas malaria-free after elimination, when investment in routine vector control becomes difficult to maintain.