Risk factors of adolescent and young adult trauma victims.
Risk factors of adolescent and young adult trauma victims.
复制标题
青少年和年轻成人创伤受害者的危险因素。
DOI：
10.4037/ajcc1995.4.5.370
复制
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Parchment
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nancy S. Redeker;Suzanne C. Smeltzer;J. Kirkpatrick;S. Parchment
背景
在美国城市青少年和年轻人中，因故意或无意伤害而造成的反复伤害或再犯罪是一个日益严重的慢性健康问题。
客观化
描述人口、社会、环境、心理和发展的前因和冒险行为，并研究它们与城市创伤中心青少年创伤类型和创伤再发率的关系。
方法
对城市创伤中心的100名青少年和年轻成人创伤受害者进行了访谈，使用青少年风险承担量表、简单的愤怒/攻击问卷和创伤危险因素面谈时间表。采用双变量相关、多元回归和判别函数分析等方法对数据进行检验。
结果
在样本中，89%的人经历过与人际暴力有关的创伤，包括枪伤、刺伤和钝伤。男性性别、失业、过去被逮捕、较低的灵性水平以及较高水平的愤怒/攻击性和寻求刺激行为占冒险行为数量差异的25%。这些因素包括男性性别、过去被逮捕、失业、过去曾是犯罪受害者、自主性较低、使用武器、打架以及没有心理咨询，这些因素将枪支相关伤害的受试者与其他受伤来源的受试者区分开来。工作日饮酒、过去被捕以及受教育程度较高与创伤再犯有关，这解释了14%的差异。
结论
社会/环境和心理/发展变量以及冒险行为是创伤和再犯的重要相关因素。这些调查结果表明，必须倡导有助于减少暴力和创伤风险的社会政策，并将减少风险干预作为创伤后护理的组成部分。
BACKGROUND
Repeated injury, or recidivism, because of intentional or unintentional injury is a growing chronic health problem among urban adolescents and young adults in the United States.
OBJECTIVE
To describe demographic, social, environmental, psychological, and developmental antecedents and risk-taking behaviors, and to examine their relationships to type of trauma and rate of trauma recidivism in adolescent and young adults in an urban trauma center.
METHODS
One hundred adolescent and young adult trauma victims in an urban trauma center were interviewed, using the Adolescent Risk-Taking Instrument, the Brief Anger/Aggression Questionnaire, and the Trauma Risk Factor Interview Schedule. Bivariate correlation, multiple regression, and discriminant function analysis were used to examine the data.
RESULTS
Of the sample, 89% experienced trauma related to interpersonal violence, including firearm injuries, stab wounds, and blunt trauma. Male gender, unemployment, past arrest, lower levels of spirituality, and higher levels of anger/aggression and thrill-seeking accounted for 25% of the variance in the number of risk-taking behaviors. Factors such as male gender, past arrest, unemployment, having been a crime victim in the past, lower autonomy, use of weapons, fighting, and no psychological counseling distinguished subjects with firearm-related injuries from subjects with other injury sources. Use of alcohol on weekdays, past arrest, and higher education levels were associated with trauma recidivism, explaining 14% of the variance.
CONCLUSIONS
Social/environmental and psychological/developmental variables, as well as risk-taking behaviors, are important correlates of trauma and recidivism. These findings suggest the importance of advocacy for social policies conductive to reducing the risks of violence and trauma and risk-reduction interventions as components of posttrauma care.