The impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities on alpine grassland over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
The impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities on alpine grassland over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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气候变化和人类活动对青藏高原高寒草原的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.01.002
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Yu, Chengqun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Baoxiong;Zhang, Xianzhou;Yu, Chengqun
气候变化和人类活动是对陆地生态系统碳循环有重要影响的两个因素，但目前几乎不可能将它们完全分开。利用基于过程的陆地生态系统模型模拟了1982 - 2011年青藏高原高寒草地潜在的气候驱动的净初级生产力（NPP），并利用基于遥感技术的B-Ames-斯坦福大学方法模拟了1982 - 2011年青藏高原高寒草地受气候变化和人类活动共同影响的实际NPP。在对模型进行系统校正后，利用围栏草地和开放草地连续3年的配对样地数据对模型进行了验证。然后，我们模拟了人类活动引起的NPP，计算潜在的和实际的NPP之间的差异，以确定人类活动对高寒草地生态系统的影响。模拟结果表明，前20 a和后10 a，气候变化和人类活动分别是草地实际NPP增加的主要驱动力，气候变化引起的草地实际NPP变化的面积百分比从1982-2001年的79.62%下降到近10 a的56.59%;但人类活动导致的百分比变化在QTP同期从20.16%增加到42.98%。与前20 a相比，后20 a人类活动对高寒草地生态系统的影响明显增强，因此气候变化对生态系统的负面影响在近10 a的QTP中相对减轻或抵消。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are two factors that have important effects on the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems, but it is almost impossible to fully separate them at present. This study used process-based terrestrial ecosystem model to stimulate the potential climate-driven alpine grassland net primary production (NPP), and Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach based on remote sensing to stimulate actual alpine grassland NPP influenced by both of climate change and anthropogenic activities over the Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP) from 1982 to 2011. After the models were systematically calibrated, the simulations were validated with continuous 3-year paired field sample data, which were separately collected in fenced and open grasslands. We then simulated the human-induced NPP, calculated as the difference between potential and actual NPP, to determine the effect of anthropogenic activities on the alpine grassland ecosystem. The simulation results showed that the climate change and anthropogenic activities mainly drove the actual grassland NPP increasing in the first 20-year and the last 10-year respectively, the area percentage of actual grassland NPP change caused by climate change declined from 79.62% in the period of 1982-2001 to 56.59% over the last 10 years; but the percentage change resulting from human activities doubled from 20.16% to 42.98% in the same periods over the QTP. The effect of human activities on the alpine grassland ecosystem obviously intensified in the latter period compared with the former 20 years, so the negative effect caused by climate change to ecosystem could have been relatively mitigated or offset over the QTP in the last ten years. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.