Micro- and Macrorheology of Jellyfish Extracellular Matrix
Micro- and Macrorheology of Jellyfish Extracellular Matrix
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.4004
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发表时间：
2012-01-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Cornelissen, Annemiek J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gambini, Camille;Abou, Berengere;Cornelissen, Annemiek J. M.
细胞外基质（ECM）的力学性质在组织的组织结构和形态发生中起着关键作用。通过被动微流变学技术在细胞尺度上测量了水母ECM（mesoglea）的流变学特性：将微珠注入水母ECM中并记录其布朗运动以确定周围介质的机械特性。微观流变学的结果进行了比较与宏观流变学的测量与剪切流变仪上的水母mesoglea切片。我们发现ECM在宏观尺度上表现为粘弹性凝胶，而在微观尺度上表现为更柔软且不均匀的粘弹性结构。通过微分干涉差和扫描电子显微镜观察到的中胶层的纤维结构与这些尺度依赖的力学性质是雅阁的。此外，老化过程中的ECM的机械性能的演变进行了研究，通过测量在不同的水母尺寸的微观流变性能。我们测量到，ECM在成年水母是局部僵硬比在少年。我们认为，这种硬化是一个后果的局部聚集的纤维逐渐发生在老化的水母中胶层，并通过重复的肌肉收缩的水母增强。
Mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a key role in tissue organization and morphogenesis. Rheological properties of jellyfish ECM (mesoglea) were measured in vivo at the cellular scale by passive microrheology techniques: microbeads were injected in jellyfish ECM and their Brownian motion was recorded to determine the mechanical properties of the surrounding medium. Microrheology results were compared with macrorheological measurements performed with a shear rheometer on slices of jellyfish mesoglea. We found that the ECM behaved as a viscoelastic gel at the macroscopic scale and as a much softer and heterogeneous viscoelastic structure at the microscopic scale. The fibrous architecture of the mesoglea, as observed by differential interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy, was in accord with these scale-dependent mechanical properties. Furthermore, the evolution of the mechanical properties of the ECM during aging was investigated by measuring microrheological properties at different jellyfish sizes. We measured that the ECM in adult jellyfish was locally stiffer than in juvenile ones. We argue that this stiffening is a consequence of local aggregations of fibers occurring gradually during aging of the jellyfish mesoglea and is enhanced by repetitive muscular contractions of the jellyfish.