On the attribution of changing pan evaporation
On the attribution of changing pan evaporation
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DOI：
10.1029/2007gl031166
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发表时间：
2007-09-13
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Hobbins, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roderick, Michael L.;Rotstayn, Leon D.;Hobbins, Michael T.
以蒸锅蒸发量衡量的蒸发需求在过去几十年中在许多地区有所下降。理解其中的原因很重要。本文采用基于质量和能量平衡的通用物理模型，将蒸发皿蒸发变化归因于辐射、温度、湿度和风速的变化。我们在1975年至2004年期间在澳大利亚的41个地点测试了这种方法。温度和湿度的变化通常太小，不会影响蒸锅的蒸发速率。蒸发皿蒸发量的减少主要是由于风速的减少，太阳辐照度的减少也有一定的区域贡献。蒸发皿蒸发记录在揭示水文循环的空气动力和辐射驱动因素方面是无价的，这里描述的归因方法可用于此目的。
Evaporative demand, measured by pan evaporation, has declined in many regions over the last several decades. It is important to understand why. Here we use a generic physical model based on mass and energy balances to attribute pan evaporation changes to changes in radiation, temperature, humidity and wind speed. We tested the approach at 41 Australian sites for the period 1975-2004. Changes in temperature and humidity regimes were generally too small to impact pan evaporation rates. The observed decreases in pan evaporation were mostly due to decreasing wind speed with some regional contributions from decreasing solar irradiance. Decreasing wind speeds of similar magnitude has been reported in the United States, China, the Tibetan Plateau and elsewhere. The pan evaporation record is invaluable in unraveling the aerodynamic and radiative drivers of the hydrologic cycle, and the attribution approach described here can be used for that purpose.