As-CATH4 and 5, two vertebrate-derived natural host defense peptides, enhance the immuno-resistance efficiency against bacterial infections in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis
As-CATH4 and 5, two vertebrate-derived natural host defense peptides, enhance the immuno-resistance efficiency against bacterial infections in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis
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As-CATH4和5，两种脊椎动物来源的天然宿主防御肽，增强中华绒螯蟹对细菌感染的免疫抵抗效率
DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.015
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Yipeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Zhilai;Qiao, Xue;Wang, Yipeng
宿主防御肽(HDPs)是动物天然免疫系统中的一类保守成分，对入侵的病原体具有直接的抗菌活性，广泛参与增强和调节宿主免疫反应。放线菌素是一类重要的高密度脂蛋白家族，仅在脊椎动物中发现。考虑到无脊椎动物和脊椎动物之间相对保守的天然免疫系统，推测脊椎动物的HDPs也可能对无脊椎动物的天然免疫系统具有调节功能。本研究利用从扬子鳄中分离得到的两个新的短吻鳄毒素(AS-CATH4和5)，研究它们在中华绒螯蟹体内作为新型多肽免疫刺激剂的作用。AS-CATH4和AS-CATH5对所有受试水产病原菌均表现出高效、广谱、快速的抑菌活性。与传统抗生素不同，它们以细菌细胞膜为靶点，诱导细胞膜通透性和细胞破坏，最终导致细胞死亡。抗菌效果比传统抗生素快得多。因此，它们不太可能诱导细菌产生抗药性。AS-CATH4和AS-CATH5能显著提高蟹体内溶菌酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性，说明AS-CATH4和AS-CATH5能激活蟹的免疫系统。在细菌攻击试验中，AS-CATH4和AS-CATH5能显著降低蟹体内的细菌数量，提高刺激组和共刺激组的成活率。上述结果表明AS-CATH4和AS-CATH5作为新型多肽免疫刺激剂在蟹类养殖中具有很大的潜力。
Host defense peptides (HDPs), a class of conserved components of animal innate immune system, possess direct antimicrobial activities against invading pathogens and broadly participate in boosting and modulating host immune responses. Cathelicidins is an important family of HDPs that has been identified exclusively in vertebrates. Considering the relatively conserved innate immune system between invertebrates and vertebrates, it is speculated that HDPs from vertebrates may also possess modulating functions on invertebrate innate immune system. In the present study, two novel cathelicidins (As-CATH4 and 5), which had been identified from the Chinese alligator in our previous study, were employed to investigate their functions as novel peptide immunostimulants in Chinese mitten crab. As-CATH4 and 5 exhibited potent, broad-spectrum, and rapid antimicrobial activities against all the tested aquatic pathogenic bacteria. Unlike traditional antibiotics, they target on bacterial cell membrane, induce membrane permeabilization and cell disruption, and ultimately result in cell death. The antimicrobial effect is far more rapid than traditional antibiotics. Therefore they are unlikely to induce bacteria resistance. After the crabs were administered with As-CATH4 and 5, the activities of lysozyme, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly enhanced, which indicated that the immune system of crabs could be activated by As-CATH4 and 5. In bacteria challenge test, As-CATH4 and 5 could significantly decrease the bacterial numbers in crabs, and increase the survival rates of crabs in both pre-stimulation and co-stimulation groups. All of the results above indicated the great potential of As-CATH4 and 5 as novel peptide immunostimulants in the crab aquaculture.