Using imagination to understand the neural basis of episodic memory.
Using imagination to understand the neural basis of episodic memory.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4549-07.2007
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发表时间：
2007-12-26
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Maguire EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hassabis D;Kumaran D;Maguire EA
功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了情景记忆回忆的神经基础，以及思考可能的个人未来事件的相关任务，揭示了相关大脑区域的一致网络。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对单个大脑区域对整体回忆体验的贡献知之甚少。为了检验这一点，我们采用了一种新的功能磁共振成像范式，受试者必须想象虚构的经历。与未来思维相反，这会导致体验在本质上不是明确的时间性或依赖于自我处理。通过使用以前想象的虚构经验作为情景记忆的比较，我们确定了共同参与的关键过程的神经基础，即场景构建，涉及复杂空间背景的生成，维护和可视化。这与分布式网络中的激活有关，包括海马、海马旁回和压后皮质。重要的是，我们从前内侧前额叶皮层、后扣带皮层和楔前叶的情景记忆特异性反应中消除了这些共同效应。这些区域可能支持自我图式和熟悉过程，并有助于大脑区分真实的和想象的记忆。我们的结论是，场景构建构成了一个共同的过程，情节的记忆和想象的虚构的经验，并建议它可能部分占类似的大脑网络牵连导航，情节未来的思维，和默认模式。我们认为，更多的大脑区域以特定于任务的方式被选入这个核心网络，以支持可能有额外要求的功能，如情景记忆。
Functional MRI (fMRI) studies investigating the neural basis of episodic memory recall, and the related task of thinking about plausible personal future events, have revealed a consistent network of associated brain regions. Surprisingly little, however, is understood about the contributions individual brain areas make to the overall recollective experience. In order to examine this, we employed a novel fMRI paradigm where subjects had to imagine fictitious experiences. In contrast to future thinking, this results in experiences that are not explicitly temporal in nature or as reliant on self-processing. By using previously imagined fictitious experiences as a comparison for episodic memories, we identified the neural basis of a key process engaged in common, namely scene construction, involving the generation, maintenance and visualisation of complex spatial contexts. This was associated with activations in a distributed network, including hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and retrosplenial cortex. Importantly, we disambiguated these common effects from episodic memory-specific responses in anterior medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. These latter regions may support self-schema and familiarity processes, and contribute to the brain's ability to distinguish real from imaginary memories. We conclude that scene construction constitutes a common process underlying episodic memory and imagination of fictitious experiences, and suggest it may partially account for the similar brain networks implicated in navigation, episodic future thinking, and the default mode. We suggest that further brain regions are co-opted into this core network in a task-specific manner to support functions such as episodic memory that may have additional requirements.