Culturable marine actinomycete diversity from tropical Pacific Ocean sediments
Culturable marine actinomycete diversity from tropical Pacific Ocean sediments
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00785.x
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Fenical, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen, PR;Gontang, E;Fenical, W
放线菌的培养使用各种媒体和选择性分离技术从275海洋样品收集周围的关岛。总共观察到6425个放线菌菌落，其中983个（15%），代表从每个样品观察到的形态多样性的范围，在纯培养中获得。大多数分离的菌株（58%）需要海水生长，表明高度的海洋适应。优势放线菌回收（568株）属于海水需要的海洋类群“Salinospora”，家庭小单孢菌科内的一个新属。该分类群的正式描述已被接受出版（马尔多纳多等人，2005），并包括修订的属加词，以Salinispora gen.nov.成员的两个主要的新分支有关的链霉菌属，暂称为MAR2和MAR3，被培养，似乎代表链霉菌科内的新属。总之，五个新的海洋真菌类型，包括两个内的Thermomonosporaceae似乎代表新的类群，在文化中获得。这些结果支持存在的分类学上不同的种群的遗传学上不同的放线菌居住在海洋环境中。这些细菌可以容易地使用低营养培养基培养，并代表了药物发现的未开发资源。
Actinomycetes were cultivated using a variety of media and selective isolation techniques from 275 marine samples collected around the island of Guam. In total, 6425 actinomycete colonies were observed and 983 (15%) of these, representing the range of morphological diversity observed from each sample, were obtained in pure culture. The majority of the strains isolated (58%) required seawater for growth indicating a high degree of marine adaptation. The dominant actinomycete recovered (568 strains) belonged to the seawater-requiring marine taxon 'Salinospora', a new genus within the family Micromonosporaceae. A formal description of this taxon has been accepted for publication (Maldonado et al., 2005) and includes a revision of the generic epithet to Salinispora gen. nov. Members of two major new clades related to Streptomyces spp., tentatively called MAR2 and MAR3, were cultivated and appear to represent new genera within the Streptomycetaceae. In total, five new marine phylotypes, including two within the Thermomonosporaceae that appear to represent new taxa, were obtained in culture. These results support the existence of taxonomically diverse populations of phylogenetically distinct actinomycetes residing in the marine environment. These bacteria can be readily cultured using low nutrient media and represent an unexplored resource for pharmaceutical drug discovery.