Mesenchymal stem cells: Identification, phenotypic characterization, biological properties and potential for regenerative medicine through biomaterial micro-engineering of their niche
Mesenchymal stem cells: Identification, phenotypic characterization, biological properties and potential for regenerative medicine through biomaterial micro-engineering of their niche
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.09.016
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发表时间：
2016-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Mobasheri, Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobolak, Julianna;Dinnyes, Andras;Mobasheri, Ali
间充质干细胞（MSC）是一种多能干细胞。虽然它们最初在骨髓中被鉴定并被描述为“骨髓基质细胞”，但此后它们已在体内许多其他解剖位置被鉴定。骨髓间充质干细胞可从骨髓、脂肪组织、脐带等多种组织中分离得到，但脂肪是最丰富的组织来源。由于它们粘附在塑料上，因此它们可以在体外扩张。MSC具有独特的形态，并表达一组特定的CD（分化簇）分子。用于鉴定MSC细胞的表型模式需要表达CD 73、CD 90和CD 105并且缺乏CD 34、CD 45和HLA-DR抗原。在适当的微环境条件下，MSC可以增殖并产生其他细胞类型。因此，它们非常适合治疗全身性炎症和自身免疫性疾病。它们也被认为是在损伤和创伤后再生受伤组织的关键角色。从脂肪组织中分离的MSC群体还可以含有调节性T（Treg）细胞，其具有调节免疫系统的能力。间充质干细胞的免疫调节和再生特性使其成为体内治疗剂的理想选择。在本文中，我们回顾了文献的鉴定，表型表征和生物学特性的间充质干细胞，并讨论其在细胞治疗和再生医学的应用潜力。我们还讨论了干细胞龛的生物材料微工程的策略。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells. Although they were originally identified in bone marrow and described as 'marrow stromal cells', they have since been identified in many other anatomical locations in the body. MSCs can be isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and other tissues but the richest tissue source of MSCs is fat. Since they are adherent to plastic, they may be expanded in vitro. MSCs have a distinct morphology and express a specific set of CD (cluster of differentiation) molecules. The phenotypic pattern for the identification of MSCs cells requires expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 and lack of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR antigens. Under appropriate micro-environmental conditions MSCs can proliferate and give rise to other cell types. Therefore, they are ideally suited for the treatment of systemic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. They have also been implicated as key players in regenerating injured tissue following injury and trauma. MSC populations isolated from adipose tissue may also contain regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have the capacity for modulating the immune system. The immunoregulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs make them ideal for use as therapeutic agents in vivo. In this paper we review the literature on the identification, phenotypic characterization and biological properties of MSCs and discuss their potential for applications in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. We also discuss strategies for biomaterial micro-engineering of the stem cell niche. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.