SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics using flexible targeting and stringent CARF ribonuclease activation.

SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics using flexible targeting and stringent CARF ribonuclease activation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5
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发表时间:
2021-08-19
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Staals RHJ
Staals RHJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Steens JA;Zhu Y;Taylor DW;Bravo JPK;Prinsen SHP;Schoen CD;Keijser BJF;Ossendrijver M;Hofstra LM;Brouns SJJ;Shinkai A;van der Oost J;Staals RHJ

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Characteristic properties of type III CRISPR-Cas systems include recognition of target RNA and the subsequent induction of a multifaceted immune response. This involves sequence-specific cleavage of the target RNA and production of cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) molecules. Here we report that an exposed seed region at the 3′ end of the crRNA is essential for target RNA binding and cleavage, whereas cOA production requires base pairing at the 5′ end of the crRNA. Moreover, we uncover that the variation in the size and composition of type III complexes within a single host results in variable seed regions. This may prevent escape by invading genetic elements, while controlling cOA production tightly to prevent unnecessary damage to the host. Lastly, we use these findings to develop a new diagnostic tool, SCOPE, for the specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 from human nasal swab samples, revealing sensitivities in the atto-molar range. Type III CRISPR-Cas systems recognize and cleave target RNAs and produce signalling molecules. Here the authors discover that both processes are governed by a flexible seed region, ultimately resulting in SCOPE, a SARSCoV-2 diagnostic assay with atto-molar sensitivity.
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