Advancing biomaterials of human origin for tissue engineering.
Advancing biomaterials of human origin for tissue engineering.
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推进人类来源的生物材料用于组织工程
DOI：
10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.02.004
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
27.1
通讯作者：
Liu X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen FM;Liu X
生物材料在生物医学设备的成功和组织工程的发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用，组织工程旨在释放处于退化状态的人体组织/器官固有的再生潜力，并恢复或重建正常的身体功能。我们对再生生物材料及其在新组织形成中的作用的理解的进展可能会在快速发展的再生医学领域开辟新的前沿。从天然细胞外基质（ECM）用于细胞调节的作用和多组分结构中获得灵感，今天生产的合成生物材料通常包含生物活性组分，以定义具有复杂和动态相互作用的人工体内环境，这些相互作用促进和调节干细胞，类似于天然细胞微环境中发生的事件。随着材料科学、基质生物学和组织工程学积累了更多的知识，生物材料复杂化的范围和程度也急剧增加。然而，实现临床转化和商业成功要求再生生物材料不仅有效和安全，而且具有成本效益，便于使用和生产。利用人类来源的生物材料作为用于治疗目的的构建块提供了一种便利的方法，该方法在其物理和化学性质方面紧密模拟天然组织的关键方面，用于协调伤口愈合和组织再生。除了直接使用组织转移和移植进行修复之外，人源生物材料的新应用现在集中于使用天然存在的生物大分子、脱细胞ECM支架和富含生长因子/非扩增干细胞的自体制剂，以靶向加速/放大身体自身的修复能力或使用自然的范例来创建用于修复的新组织。特别是，有越来越多的兴趣，在分离ECM简化功能域和/或生物聚合物组件，使这些组件/成分可以离散地开发和操作的生物支架和新的仿生生物材料的生产。在这里，组织自体/异体移植的概述，我们讨论了最近的趋势和进展，以及在重建手术和组织工程的人源性生物材料的演变和应用的挑战和未来的方向。特别是，我们专注于探索的结构，机械，生物化学和生物信息存在于原生人体组织的生物工程应用，并为未来的生物材料的设计提供灵感。
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.