Alcohol-Related Risk of Driver Fatalities: An Update Using 2007 Data
Alcohol-Related Risk of Driver Fatalities: An Update Using 2007 Data
复制标题
DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2012.73.341
复制
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lacey, John H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voas, Robert B.;Torres, Pedro;Lacey, John H.
目的：这项研究的目的是确定在1996年至2007年的十年间，卷入与酒精有关的车祸的相对风险是否发生了变化，在此期间，几乎没有证据表明所有与酒精有关的致命车祸的百分比有所下降。方法：我们比较了来自美国死亡分析报告系统(FARS)的2006年和2007年撞车事故(N=6863，其中22.8%是女性)的血液酒精信息与2007年美国国家路边调查参与者(N=6823)的对照血液酒精数据。对风险估计进行了计算，并与以前从1996年FARS和路边调查数据中获得的估计进行了比较。结果：尽管从1996年到2007年，成年人卷入与酒精有关的致命车祸的相对风险显然没有变化，但未成年女性卷入与酒精相关的车祸的风险已经增加到与未成年男性相同的程度。此外，在1996-2007年间，清醒的未成年男子卷入致命车祸的风险翻了一番。结论：与十年前的估计相比，这项研究中的年轻女性卷入与酒精相关的撞车事故的风险增加。同样，与十年前相比，这项研究中未成年的清醒司机发生撞车的风险更大。(J.Stud.酒精类毒品，73,341-350,2012)
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relative risk of being involved in an alcohol-related crash has changed over the decade from 1996 to 2007, a period during which there has been little evidence of a reduction in the percentage of all fatal crashes involving alcohol. Method: We compared blood-alcohol information for the 2006 and 2007 crash cases (N = 6,863, 22.8% of them women) drawn from the U.S. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) with control blood-alcohol data from participants in the 2007 U.S. National Roadside Survey (N = 6,823). Risk estimates were computed and compared with those previously obtained from the 1996 FARS and roadside survey data. Results: Although the adult relative risk of being involved in a fatal alcohol-related crash apparently did not change from 1996 to 2007, the risk for involvement in an alcohol-related crash for underage women has increased to the point where it has become the same as that for underage men. Further, the risk that sober underage men will become involved in a fatal crash has doubled over the 1996-2007 period. Conclusions: Compared with estimates obtained from a decade earlier, young women in this study are at an increased risk of involvement in alcohol-related crashes. Similarly, underage sober drivers in this study are more at risk of involvement in a crash than they were a decade earlier. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 73, 341-350, 2012)