Extreme temperature events in Yangtze River Basin during 1962-2011
Extreme temperature events in Yangtze River Basin during 1962-2011
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Lu Shufei
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作者：
Lu Shufei
利用中国气象局长江流域115个气象站1962 - 2011年逐日最高、最低气温资料，采用线性回归、因子分析和相关分析等方法，分析了长江流域极端气候的时间变化和空间分布特征，并对16个极端气温指标进行了研究，结果如下：（1）冷日、冷夜、冰日、霜日和冷期持续日数的出现分别显著减少了-0.84、-2.78、-0.48、-3.29和-0.67天/旬，而暖日、暖夜、夏季日、热带夜、暖期持续天数和生长季长度呈显著增加趋势，分别为2.24，2.86，2.93，1.80，0.83和2.30天/10年，日最高（最低）气温月最低值的趋势率，日最高（最低）气温和日较差的月最大值分别为0.33、0.47、0.16、0.19和-0.07 ℃/旬。(2)寒冷指数的变化幅度（冷夜指数、日最大值的月最小值、日最小值的月最小值）明显大于暖指数（暖夜、日最大值的月最大值和日最小值的月最大值）。日指数（暖夜和冷夜）的变化大于日指数（暖日和冷日）的变化，说明昼夜温度的变化是不对称的。(3)在空间上，长江上游地区寒冷指数的区域平均值大于中下游地区，而长江中下游地区温暖指数和生长季的区域平均值（暖期持续时间指标除外）均大于上游地区。(4)除日较差外，各极端温度指标间均存在较强的相关性。
Based on daily maximum and minimum temperature observed by the China Meteorological Administration at 115 meteorological stations in the Yangtze River Basin from 1962 to 2011,the methods of linear regression,factor analysis and correlation analysis are employed to analyze the temporal variability and spatial distribution of climate extremes.Sixteen indices of extreme temperature are studied.The results are as follows:(1) The occurrence of cold days,cold nights,ice days,frost days and cold spell duration days has significantly decreased by-0.84,-2.78,-0.48,-3.29 and-0.67 days/decade,respectively,while the occurrence of warm days,warm nights,summer days,tropical nights,warm spell duration days and growing season length shows statistically significant increasing trends at rates of 2.24,2.86,2.93,1.80,0.83 and 2.30 days/decade,respectively.The tendency rate of monthly minimum value of daily maximum(minimum) temperature,monthly maximum value of daily maximum(minimum) and diurnal temperature range is 0.33,0.47,0.16,0.19 and-0.07 o C/decade,respectively.(2) The magnitudes of changes in cold indices(cold nights,monthly minimum value of daily maximum,monthly minimum value of daily minimum) are obviously greater than those of warm indices(warm nights,monthly maximum value of daily maximum and monthly maximum value of daily minimum).The change ranges of night indices(warm nights and cold nights) are larger than those of day indices(warm days and cold days),indicating that the changes of day and night temperature are asymmetrical.(3) Spatially,the regionally averaged values of cold indices in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin are larger than in the middle and lower reaches.However,the regionally averaged values of warm indices and growing seasons except warm spell duration indicator are larger in the middle and lower reaches than in the upper reaches.(4) The extreme temperature indices are highly correlated with each other except diurnal temperature range.