Monitoring and post-auditing in environmental impact assessment: a review.
Monitoring and post-auditing in environmental impact assessment: a review.
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DOI：
10.1080/09640569811399
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Wood, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dipper, B.;Jones, C.;Wood, C.
环境影响评估(EIA)是一种在项目开发前预测环境影响的程序，而后审计则寻求评估此类预测的准确性。一份文献综述审查了后审计的必要性，强调了如果结果得到有效利用可能对环境影响评估绩效产生的几个好处。这表明，在实践中，审计后活动并不普遍，并提出了原因。然后，通过对已发表研究的调查，对审计后的发现进行了概述，并得出结论，在世界范围内，提高后审计在环境影响评价中的地位还有很大的空间。描述了英国最近一项基于8个项目(3个城市发展项目、4个垃圾填埋场项目和1个发电站项目)的审计后研究的初步结果。收集了关于影响预测的信息，并与实际影响进行了比较。总共作出了366项影响预测，其中78%是定性的；57%的预测是可审计的，其中近四分之三是准确的。查明了不能审计的原因，包括所有情况下缺乏数据或不适当的信息。
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a procedure for predicting environmental impacts of projects prior to their development, while post-auditing seeks to assess the accuracy of such predictions. A literature review examines the need for post-auditing, highlighting several benefits to EIA performance that could arise if the results were effectively used. This reveals that, in practice, post-auditing activities are not widespread, and suggests reasons why this is so. An overview of post-audit findings from a survey of published studies is then presented, and it is concluded that there is much scope for raising the profile of post-auditing in EIA world-wide. Preliminary results from a recent UK post-auditing study based on eight projects (3 urban development projects, 4 landfill projects and a power station project) are described. Information on impact predictions was gathered and compared with actual impacts. A total of 366 impact predictions were made of which 78% were qualitative in nature; 57% of the predictions were auditable and of these nearly three-quarters were accurate. Reasons for inauditability were ascertained including, for all cases, a lack of data or unsuitable information.