Mesoscopic interference for metric and curvature & gravitational wave detection
Mesoscopic interference for metric and curvature & gravitational wave detection
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DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/ab9f6c
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bose, Sougato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marshman, Ryan J.;Mazumdar, Anupam;Bose, Sougato
一个紧凑的检测器的时空度量和曲率是非常可取的。在这里，我们表明，介观物体的量子空间叠加可以用来创建这样的探测器。我们提出了一个具体的形式，这样的检测器和分析如何在其设计的不对称性，使其能够直接耦合到曲率。此外，我们还发现，它的非对称结构和大质量的干扰对象，使探测引力波（GW）。最后，我们讨论了如何在原则上结合最新技术来构建这样的检测器，同时考虑到已知的退相干和噪声来源。为此，我们使用Stern-Gerlach干涉测量法，质量类似于10（-17）kg，其中干涉信号通过测量自旋提取，并显示可以感测到低至5 x 10（-15）ms（-2）Hz（-1/2）的加速度以及由地球引起的帧拖曳效应。GW灵敏度的尺度与杂散加速度灵敏度不同，杂散加速度灵敏度是所提出的干涉仪的独特特征。我们确定缓解机制的已知噪声源，即重力梯度噪声，不确定性原理和电磁力，并表明它可能会导致一米大小的，定向和振动噪声（热/地震）弹性检测器的中（地面）和低（空间）频率的GWs从大规模的二进制（预测制度是类似的原子干涉仪和丽莎的目标）。
A compact detector for space-time metric and curvature is highly desirable. Here we show that quantum spatial superpositions of mesoscopic objects could be exploited to create such a detector. We propose a specific form for such a detector and analyse how asymmetries in its design allow it to directly couple to the curvature. Moreover, we also find that its non-symmetric construction and the large mass of the interfered objects, enable the detection gravitational waves (GWs). Finally, we discuss how the construction of such a detector is in principle possible with a combination of state of the art techniques while taking into account the known sources of decoherence and noise. To this end, we use Stern-Gerlach interferometry with masses similar to 10(-17)kg, where the interferometric signal is extracted by measuring spins and show that accelerations as low as 5 x 10(-15) ms(-2)Hz(-1/2), as well as the frame dragging effects caused by the Earth, could be sensed. The GW sensitivity scales differently from the stray acceleration sensitivity, a unique feature of the proposed interferometer. We identify mitigation mechanisms for the known sources of noise, namely gravity gradient noise, uncertainty principle and electro-magnetic forces and show that it could potentially lead to a metre sized, orientable and vibrational noise (thermal/seismic) resilient detector of mid (ground based) and low (space based) frequency GWs from massive binaries (the predicted regimes are similar to those targeted by atom interferometers and LISA).