Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV intervention trials: A health belief approach to understanding prevention program attrition
Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV intervention trials: A health belief approach to understanding prevention program attrition
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.88.7.1068
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Stevenson, LY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DiFranceisco, W;Kelly, JA;Stevenson, LY
目标。本研究的目的是确定预测人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 风险降低试验参与者计划减员的因素。 方法，参与者是男同性恋/双性恋男性，以及被招募参加 HIV 风险抵制小组干预的严重精神障碍的成年人。将计划完成者与在基线进行评估但随后未能参加任何课程的参与者进行比较。健康信念模型为选择项目流失的可能预测因素提供了一个框架。结果。在这两个样本中，年龄较小都与早期辍学有关。同性恋/双性恋男性的其他预测因素包括参与排他性关系。少数族裔、注射吸毒以及对艾滋病严重程度的感知更高。患有严重精神疾病的辍学者对安全性行为的了解较少，并且更有可能对安全套的使用持有积极的结果预期。结论。如果存在选择性减员，对弱势群体的干预效果评估就会受到威胁。需要更好的方法来吸引和维持对艾滋病毒预防计划的参与。或者，建议广泛应用干预结果的“意向治疗”分析，以尽量减少因项目退出而导致的选择偏差。
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting program attrition among participants in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction trials.Methods, Participants were gay/bisexual men and severely mentally in adults recruited to take part in HIV risk refluction small-group interventions. Program completers were compared with participants who were assessed at baseline but then failed to attend any sessions. The health belief model provided a framework for selection of possible predictors of program attrition.Results. Younger age was associated with early dropout in both samples. Other predictors among gay/bisesual men included involvement in an exclusive sexual relationship. minority ethnicity, injection drug use, and higher perceived severity of AIDS. Severely mentally ill dropouts were less knowledgeable about safer sex methods and more likely to hold positive outcome expectancies for condom use.Conclusions. Evaluation of intervention effectiveness among vulnerable population segments is threatened if there is selective attrition. Better methods are needed to attract and maintain participation in HIV prevention programs. Alternatively, width application of "intention to treat" analysis of intervention outcomes is recommended io minimize selection bias due to program dropout.