Hominins on Flores, Indonesia, by one million years ago
Hominins on Flores, Indonesia, by one million years ago
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DOI：
10.1038/nature08844
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Storey, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brumm, Adam;Jensen, Gitte M.;Storey, Michael
此前在印度尼西亚弗洛雷斯Soa盆地的Mata Menger和Boa Lesa进行的发掘中，发现了与大型花剑齿鲨化石遗骸相关的石制品(1-9)。来自这些遗址的锆石裂变径迹年龄表明，人类在0.88+/-0.07万年前(Myr)之前就已经在岛上殖民了(6)。在这里，我们描述了Wolo Sege的内容、背景和年代，这是一个最近在Soa盆地发现的考古遗址，有就地的石器，从地层上讲，它位于Mata Mengg下方，紧靠盆地的基底角砾岩之上。我们用40Ar/39Ar测年表明，覆盖在Wolo Sege人工制品层上的褐沸石喷发于1.02+/-0.02 Myr之前，为弗洛雷斯上的古人类提供了一个新的最小年龄。这比‘侏儒’Stegodon sondaari和Geochelone spp从Soa盆地消失之前。(巨型乌龟)，在附近的Tangi Talo遗址上很明显，它被测得距今0.90+/-0.07 Myr(10)。现在看来，这种灭绝或可能的灭绝事件以及相关的动物群更替是自然过程的结果，而不是人种的到来(9)。此外，充斥着索阿盆地的火山和河流-湖泊沉积可能还不够古老，不足以记录古人类最初到达该岛的情况。
Previous excavations at Mata Menge and Boa Lesa in the Soa Basin of Flores, Indonesia, recovered stone artefacts in association with fossilized remains of the large-bodied Stegodon florensis florensis(1-9). Zircon fission-track ages from these sites indicated that hominins had colonized the island by 0.88 +/- 0.07 million years (Myr) ago(6). Here we describe the contents, context and age of Wolo Sege, a recently discovered archaeological site in the Soa Basin that has in situ stone artefacts and that lies stratigraphically below Mata Menge and immediately above the basement breccias of the basin. We show using 40Ar/39Ar dating that an ignimbrite overlying the artefact layers at Wolo Sege was erupted 1.02 +/- 0.02 Myr ago, providing a new minimum age for hominins on Flores. This predates the disappearance from the Soa Basin of 'pygmy' Stegodon sondaari and Geochelone spp. (giant tortoise), as evident at the nearby site of Tangi Talo, which has been dated to 0.90 +/- 0.07 Myr ago(10). It now seems that this extirpation or possible extinction event and the associated faunal turnover were the result of natural processes rather than the arrival of hominins(9). It also appears that the volcanic and fluvio-lacustrine deposits infilling the Soa Basin may not be old enough to register the initial arrival of hominins on the island.