Ultraviolet A radiation suppresses an established immune response: Implications for sunscreen design
Ultraviolet A radiation suppresses an established immune response: Implications for sunscreen design
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DOI：
10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01503.x
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Ullrich, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nghiem, DX;Kazimi, N;Ullrich, SE
阳光中的紫外线辐射是非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的主要原因，并与皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的发展有关。此外，紫外线具有免疫抑制作用，紫外线辐射引起的免疫抑制已被确定为诱发皮肤癌的危险因素。紫外线还抑制对传染性病原体的免疫反应。在大多数实验模型中，在免疫之前将紫外线应用于免疫学幼稚动物。然而，同样令人担忧的是阳光抑制既定免疫反应的能力，例如人类的回忆反应，这可以防止微生物感染。在这里，我们证明了太阳模拟紫外线辐射，免疫后应用，抑制免疫记忆和诱发迟发型超敏反应。此外，我们发现太阳光谱中紫外线A区域的波长对于诱导免疫抑制至关重要。紫外线A（320-400 nm）辐射与太阳模拟紫外线A + B（290-400 nm）在抑制已建立的免疫应答的激发方面一样有效。用紫外线Al（340-400 nm）照射没有影响。支持紫外线A在紫外线诱导的免疫抑制中的关键作用的观察结果是，涂抹仅含有紫外线B过滤剂的防晒霜没有保护作用，而含有紫外线A和紫外线B过滤剂的防晒霜完全阻断了紫外线诱导的免疫抑制。这些数据表明，阳光可能会降低先前接种疫苗的保护作用。此外，紫外线A具有免疫抑制作用的观察结果表明，在设计防晒策略时需要进行紫外线A防护。
The ultraviolet radiation present in sunlight is the primary cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer and has been implicated in the development of cutaneous malignant melanoma. In addition, ultraviolet is immune suppressive and the suppression induced by ultraviolet radiation has been identified as a risk factor for skin cancer induction. Ultraviolet also suppresses the immune response to infectious agents. In most experimental models, ultraviolet is applied to immunologically naive animals prior to immunization. Of equal concern, however, is the ability of sunlight to suppress established immune reactions, such as the recall reaction in humans, which protects against microbial infections. Here we demonstrate that solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation, applied after immunization, suppresses immunologic memory and the elicitation of delayed-type hypersensitivity. Further, we found that wavelengths in the ultraviolet A region of the solar spectrum were critical for inducing immune suppression. Ultraviolet A (320-400 nm) radiation was as effective as solar-simulated ultraviolet A + B (290-400 nm) in suppressing the elicitation of an established immune response. Irradiation with ultraviolet Al (340-400 nm) had no effect. Supporting a critical role for ultraviolet A in ultraviolet-induced immune suppression was the observation that applying a sunscreen that contained an ultraviolet B only filter had no protective effect, whereas, a sunscreen containing both ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B filters totally blocked ultraviolet-induced immune suppression. These data suggest that sunlight may depress the protective effect of prior vaccination. In addition, the observation that ultraviolet A is immunosuppressive indicates the need for ultraviolet A protection when designing sun protection strategies.