The impact of semantic impairment on verbal short-term memory in stroke aphasia and semantic dementia: A comparative study
The impact of semantic impairment on verbal short-term memory in stroke aphasia and semantic dementia: A comparative study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2007.06.004
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jefferies, Elizabeth;Hoffman, Paul;Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon
本研究首次直接比较了语义性痴呆（SD）和经皮质感觉性失语（TSA）的即时系列回忆。先前关于语义障碍对言语短期记忆（STM）影响的研究已经取得了重要的理论进展。然而，从这两个群体中得出了不同的结论。这项研究旨在解释这些不一致性。我们观察到（a）SD和TSA在言语STM损伤的性质上存在质的差异，（B）TSA组内存在相当大的差异。SD和TSA患者的语义加工均较差，语音学良好。反映这一点，这两个群体仍然敏感的语音相似性，并表现出减少影响的词汇立即系列回忆。SD患者表现出正常的序列位置效应;相比之下，TSA患者对初始列表项目的回忆较差，并且在较长的列表上表现出较大的近因效应。两组的错误模式不同：SID患者犯了许多音素迁移错误，而TSA组更有可能产生整个单词的错误顺序，往往启动回忆与终端列表项目。SID的情况下，也表现出更大的影响，词频和imagetranspiration。我们建议，这些对比的性能模式是可以解释的基本语义障碍的性质。SD是与前叶萎缩，并产生退化的语义知识，这是更引人注目的不太频繁/imageable项目，强调这些词汇/语义变量的影响，在STM。由于减少了对语音学的语义约束（语义绑定：Patterson，K.，格雷厄姆，N.，&霍奇斯，J. R.（1994年）。语义记忆丧失对语音表征的影响。Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience，6，57-69）。相比之下，TSA中的语义损伤遵循额叶或颞顶病变，并且与语义处理的执行控制差相关（语义认知失调：Jefferies，E.，& Lambon Ralph，M. A.（2006年）。卒中性失语与语义性痴呆的语义损害：一项病例系列比较。Brain，129，2132-2147），解释了为什么这些患者容易回忆起不连续的整个单词。(C)2007年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
This study presents the first direct comparison of immediate serial recall in semantic dementia (SD) and transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA). Previous studies of the effect of semantic impairment on verbal short-term memory (STM) have led to important theoretical advances. However, different conclusions have been drawn from these two groups. This research aimed to explain these inconsistencies. We observed (a) qualitative differences between SD and TSA in the nature of the verbal STM impairment and (b) considerable variation within the TSA group. The SD and TSA patients all had poor semantic processing and good phonology. Reflecting this, both groups remained sensitive to phonological similarity and showed a reduced effect of lexicality in immediate serial recall. The SD patients showed normal serial position effects; in contrast, the TSA patients had poor recall of the initial list items and exhibited large recency effects on longer lists. The error patterns of the two groups differed: the SID patients made numerous phoneme migration errors whereas the TSA group were more likely to produce entire words in the wrong order, often initiating recall with terminal list items. The SID cases also showed somewhat larger effects of word frequency and imageability. We propose that these contrasting performance patterns are explicable in terms of the nature of the underlying semantic impairment. SD is associated with anterior lobe atrophy and produces degradation of semantic knowledge-this is more striking for less frequent/imageable items, accentuating the effects of these lexical/semantic variables in STM. SID patients frequently recombine the phonemes of different list items due to the reduced semantic constraint upon phonology (semantic binding: Patterson, K., Graham, N., & Hodges, J. R. (1994). The impact of semantic memory loss on phonological representations. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 6, 57-69). In contrast, the semantic impairment in TSA follows frontal or temporoparietal lesions and is associated with poor executive control of semantic processing (deregulated semantic cognition: Jefferies, E., & Lambon Ralph, M. A. (2006). Semantic impairment in stroke aphasia vs. semantic dementia: a case-series comparison. Brain, 129, 2132-2147), explaining why these patients are liable to recall entire words out of serial order. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.