Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Who should control inventory in a supply chain ?
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Who should control inventory in a supply chain ?
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
C. Lee;W. J. Chu
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作者：
C. Lee;W. J. Chu
鉴于最近流行的供应链管理转移的库存水平的决定和库存保持的责任，在本文中，我们认为是否两个成员的供应链（上游供应商V和下游零售商R）经营的报童环境中，应采用这种新的机制。供应链的运作方式有两种：一种是传统的由下游零售商决定库存水平并保持库存的方式，另一种是将库存保持责任和库存水平决定权转移给上游供应商的新方式。通过比较这两种情况下的预期收益，我们发现，将需求不确定性风险从R转移到V并不一定会导致R的预期收益更高或V的预期收益更低。在一般情况下，我们发现，在报童问题中使用的临界分位数，以确定最佳的库存水平，往往可以作为一个衡量标准，以快速评估采用新的机制的优点。此外，我们表明，当V的临界分位数大于R，采用新的机制总是使V和R更好，提供某种风险分担规则可以实现。2003 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
In view of the recent popularity in supply chain management to transfer the stock level decision and the stock keeping responsibility to the upstream, we consider in this paper whether a two-member supply chain (the upstream vendor V and the downstream retailer R) operating in a newsboy environment should adopt this new mechanism. The supply chain can be operated in one of two ways: the traditional way, in which the downstream retailer decides the inventory level and keeps the inventory, or the new way in which inventory-keeping responsibility and stock level decision switch to the upstream vendor. By comparing the expected payoffs in these two cases, we find that transferring demand-uncertainty risk from R to V does not necessarily lead to a higher expected payoff for R or a lower one for V . In general, we find that the critical fractile used in a newsboy problem to determine the optimal stock level can often be used as a yardstick to quickly assess the merits of adopting the new mechanism. Furthermore, we show that when the critical fractile of V is greater than that of R, adopting the new mechanism always makes both V and R better off, provided some kind of risk-sharing rule could be implemented. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.