The vertebrate cell kinetochore and its roles during mitosis
The vertebrate cell kinetochore and its roles during mitosis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01299-9
复制
发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Salmon, ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rieder, CL;Salmon, ED
复制的染色体拥有两个离散的、复杂的、动态的大分子组件，称为动粒，位于染色体主缢缩的相对侧。在这里，作者回顾了动粒如何在脊椎动物有丝分裂过程中控制染色体分离。它们通过捕获从两极生长的微管的动态正端，将染色体附着在相对的纺锤体两极上。然后，它们产生染色体向极运动的大部分力，调节该力的施加时间，并充当微管组装和拆卸的场所。最后，它们通过抑制染色单体分离来控制中期-后期转变，直到染色单体正确附着。
A replicated chromosome possesses two discrete, complex, dynamic, macromolecular assemblies, known as kinetochores, that are positioned on opposite sides of the primary constriction of the chromosome. Here, the authors review how kinetochores control chromosome segregation during mitosis in vertebrates. They attach the chromosome to the opposing spindle poles by trapping the dynamic plus-ends of microtubules growing from the poles. They then produce much of the force for chromosome poleward motion, regulate when this force is applied and act as a site for microtubule assembly and disassembly. Finally, they control the metaphase-anaphase transition by inhibiting chromatid separation until the chromatids are properly attached.