Further data concerning Blanchard's (2011) "Fertility in the mothers of firstborn homosexual and heterosexual men".
Further data concerning Blanchard's (2011) "Fertility in the mothers of firstborn homosexual and heterosexual men".
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有关 Blanchard (2011)“长子同性恋和异性恋男性母亲的生育力”的更多数据。
DOI：
10.1007/s10508-012-9942-6
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Sanders,AlanR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rieger,Gerulf;Blanchard,Ray;Schwartz,Gene;Bailey,JMichael;Sanders,AlanR
Blanchard（2011）重新分析了先前发表的数据，以检验平衡选择假说，该假说涉及男性同性恋的持续存在。这一假设基于几项研究结果，这些研究表明，男性同性恋在某种程度上是可遗传的（LeVay, 2011）。然而，由于同性恋男性的生育能力比异性恋男性低（即生育更少的后代），一定存在某种补偿机制。平衡选择假说认为，遗传了同性恋基因的男性生育能力下降，会被携带相同基因变异的亲属生育能力增加所抵消（Hamer & Copeland, 1994）。Blanchard（2011）指出，平衡选择假说不能简单地通过比较异性恋和同性恋参与者的兄弟姐妹数量来检验，因为一个强有力的发现被称为兄弟出生顺序效应。一个男性成为同性恋的几率随着他的哥哥的增加而增加。因为有更多的哥哥与更大的兄弟关系相关，所以同性恋男性比异性恋男性有更多兄弟姐妹的发现可能是兄弟出生效应的产物。然而，有些长子是同性恋，他们的性取向不应该是由于这种影响。因此，如何检验平衡选择假说的一种方法是比较第一出生的异性恋者和同性恋者的兄弟姐妹数量。平衡选择假说暗示，长子同性恋男性应该比长子异性恋男性有更多的兄弟姐妹。如果确实如此，这也意味着这些同性恋男性的母亲通常比异性恋男性的母亲生育能力更强。
Blanchard (2011) reanalyzed previously published data to examinethebalancingselectionhypothesis, whichconcernsthepersistence of male homosexuality. This hypothesis is based on several findings suggesting that male homosexuality is to some degree heritable (LeVay, 2011). However, since homosexual men are less fecund (ie, produce fewer offspring) than heterosexual men, some compensatory mechanism must exist. The balancing selection hypothesis states that the decreased fecundity of men who inherit a genetic contribution to homosexuality is counterbalanced by an increased fecundity of their relatives carrying the same genetic variants (Hamer & Copeland, 1994).Blanchard (2011) noted that the balancing selection hypothesis cannot simply be tested by comparing the number of siblings of heterosexual and homosexual participants because of a robust finding termed the fraternal birth order effect. The odds of a male being homosexual increase with each older biological brother he has. Because having more older brothers correlates withlargersibships, thefindingthathomosexualmenhavemore siblings than heterosexual men could be an artifact of the fraternalbirthordereffect. However, therearefirstbornsonswhoare homosexual and their sexual orientation should not be due to this effect. Thus, an approach to the problem of how to test the balancing selection hypothesis is to compare the number of siblings offirstbornheterosexualandhomosexualmen. Thebalancingselection hypothesis implies that firstborn homosexual men should have more siblings compared with firstborn heterosexual men. If they do, it also implies that the mothers of these homosexual men are generally more fecund than the mothers of the heterosexual men.