Lahars of Ruapehu Volcano, New Zealand: risk mitigation
Lahars of Ruapehu Volcano, New Zealand: risk mitigation
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新西兰鲁阿佩胡火山火山泥浆：缓解风险
DOI：
10.3189/172756407782282390
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
H. Keys
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Keys
摘要当火山口湖达到临界高水位时，预计鲁阿佩胡火山最后一次喷发将导致一次溃坝拉哈尔，可能在未来1-5个夏天内。为应对这些风险，进行了高级别的公众协商、政治决策和持续的科学投入。关于管理拉哈尔风险的决定已经考虑到这样一个事实，即拉哈尔在活跃的鲁阿佩胡火山（2797米）和排干火山的山谷中很常见，大多数拉哈尔是由喷发产生的，其中大约一半没有有用的前兆。火山泥流威胁着新西兰最大的滑雪区和国家重要的基础设施。公共安全是主要考虑因素，但长期缓解风险和减少对汤加里罗国家公园世界遗产区的影响也很重要。鲁阿佩胡的拉哈尔缓解措施现在包括六个拉哈尔预警系统，每个系统都有积极的响应计划，以及一些与拉哈尔隔离或加强防御的基础设施。
Abstract A dam-break lahar resulting from the last eruption of Ruapehu is expected when Crater Lake reaches a critical high level, probably within the next 1–5 summers. A high level of public consultation, political decision-making and ongoing scientific input has occurred to address the risks. Decisions about managing lahar risk have taken into account the fact that lahars are common on the active Ruapehu Volcano (2797 m) and in valleys draining the mountain and that most lahars are generated by eruptions, about half of which have no useful precursors. Lahars threaten New Zealand’s largest ski area and nationally important infrastructure. Public safety has been the main consideration but the need for long-term risk mitigation and reducing impacts on Tongariro National Park World Heritage Area have also been important. Lahar mitigation on Ruapehu now includes six lahar warning systems, each with active response plans, and some infrastructure isolated from or hardened against lahars.