Tyrosine prevents effects of hyperthermia on behavior and increases norepinephrine
Tyrosine prevents effects of hyperthermia on behavior and increases norepinephrine
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.10.023
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发表时间：
2005-01-31
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Yeghiayan, SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lieberman, HR;Georgelis, JH;Yeghiayan, SK
酪氨酸 (TYR) 是儿茶酚胺 (CA) 神经递质、多巴胺 (DA) 和去甲肾上腺素 (NE) 的前体。儿茶酚胺，尤其是 NE，参与大脑对急性应激的反应。当动物受到严重压力时，NE 神经元变得更加活跃，酪氨酸的可用性可能会受到限制。在暴露于物理和/或环境压力源（包括寒冷）之前施用酪氨酸，可以减少暴露造成的不良行为、生理和神经化学后果。在这项研究中，检查了酪氨酸（400 毫克/千克）对暴露于热应激的大鼠的影响，但尚未检查其影响。使用 Porsolt 游泳测试和 Morris 水迷宫评估应对行为和记忆力。通过体内微透析评估海马 NE 和 DA 的释放。在媒介物处理的动物中，热损害了应对能力和记忆力，并且 NE 的释放增加，但 DA 没有增加。在接受酪氨酸的受热动物中，应对能力没有受到损害，并且 NE 持续释放，从而证明酪氨酸可以防止热的不利影响，并表明这些影响是由于中枢 NE 释放增加造成的。这项研究表明酪氨酸的影响适用于不同的压力源，并且酪氨酸的施用可以减轻热和其他压力源对人类的不良行为影响。此外，它还表明，适度的热应激会损害应对行为以及工作记忆和参考记忆。 (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Tyrosine (TYR) is the precursor of the catecholamine (CA) neurotransmitters, dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE). Catecholamines, especially NE, participate in the response of the brain to acute stress. When animals are acutely stressed, NE neurons become more active and tyrosine availability may be rate-limiting. Tyrosine administration, before exposure to physical and/or environmental stressors including cold, reduces the adverse behavioral, physiological and neurochemical consequences of the exposure. In this study, the effects of tyrosine (400 mg/ kg) were examined on rats exposed to heat stress, for which its effects have not been examined. Coping behavior and memory were assessed using the Porsolt swim test and the Morris water maze. Release of hippocampal NE and DA was assessed with in vivo microdialysis. In vehicle-treated animals, heat impaired coping and memory, and increased release of NE, but not DA. In heated animals receiving tyrosine, coping was not impaired and NE release was sustained, thus demonstrating tyrosine protects against the adverse effects of heat, and suggesting these effects result from increased central NE release. This study indicates the effects of tyrosine generalize across dissimilar stressors and that tyrosine administration may mitigate the adverse behavioral effects of heat and other stressors on humans. In addition, it demonstrates that moderate heat stress impairs coping behavior, as well as working and reference memory. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.