Pedestrian traffic injuries in Mexico: a country update.
Pedestrian traffic injuries in Mexico: a country update.
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DOI：
10.1076/icsp.10.1.37.14108
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arreola-Risa, Carlos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hijar, Martha;Vazquez-Vela, Eduardo;Arreola-Risa, Carlos
一般而言，道路交通伤害，特别是行人伤害是墨西哥的一个主要公共卫生问题，特别是在大城市地区。使用死亡证明上记录的常规数据对国家一级的死亡率和道路交通事故进行分析。按地区估算了 2000 年不同年龄组的死亡率。这些数据得到了墨西哥城行人伤害横断面研究的补充，该研究基于 1994 年至 1997 年间在墨西哥城生活和死亡的行人的死亡证明信息。对发生事故的物理空间进行了参与者观察。这些空间被拍摄下来，并对幸存者进行了深入采访。 2000 年，墨西哥约有 17,500 人因道路交通事故死亡。受害者的平均年龄为 37 岁。墨西哥在交通事故中死亡的人平均损失 30 年的生产生活——2000 年为 525,000 年。估计所有死亡人数中有 9500 人（54.3%）是行人，每死亡一个行人，就有 13 人遭受非致命伤害，需要医疗护理。墨西哥城行人受伤的总体粗死亡率为每 10 万人 7.14 人 (CI 6.85-7.42)。在特定类型街道环境的 10 个社区中观察到死亡集中。根本因素包括危险的十字路口、人行天桥的缺乏或不足，以及行人对道路安全的负面看法。总之，本研究证明了阐明行人伤害的潜在背景决定因素的重要性。
Road traffic injuries in general and pedestrian injuries in particular are a major public health problem in Mexico, especially in large urban areas. Analysis of mortality and road crashes at the national level was done using routine data recorded on death certificates. Fatality rates for different age groups were estimated by region for the year 2000. These data were supplemented by a cross-sectional study of pedestrian injuries in Mexico City based on death certificates information for pedestrians who lived and died in Mexico City between 1994 and 1997. Participant observation of physical spaces where crashes occurred was carried out. The spaces were filmed and in-depth interviews of survivors conducted. Road traffic crashes were responsible for approximately 17,500 deaths in Mexico during 2000. The mean age of the victims was 37 years. Mexico lost an average of 30 years of productive life for each individual who died in a traffic crash--525,000 years in 2000. An estimated 9500 (54.3%) of all fatalities were pedestrians, and for every pedestrian death there were 13 others who sustained nonfatal injuries requiring medical care. The overall crude mortality rate for pedestrian injuries in Mexico City was 7.14 per 100,000 (CI 6.85-7.42). A concentration of deaths was observed in 10 neighborhoods at specific types of street environments. The underlying factors included dangerous crossings and the absence or inadequacy of pedestrian bridges, as well as negative perceptions of road safety by pedestrians. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the importance of elucidating the underlying contextual determinants of pedestrian injuries.