The influence of chemical genetics on plant science: Shedding light on functions and mechanism of action of brassinosteroids using biosynthesis inhibitors
The influence of chemical genetics on plant science: Shedding light on functions and mechanism of action of brassinosteroids using biosynthesis inhibitors
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DOI：
10.1007/s00344-003-0065-0
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Yoshida, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asami, T;Nakano, T;Yoshida, S
当外源性化学物质允许快速、有条件、可逆、选择性和剂量依赖性地控制生物学功能时，它们的作用就像条件突变，诱导或抑制感兴趣的特定表型的形成。在拟南芥中诱导油菜素类固醇（BR）缺乏样表型的小分子的探索使我们确定油菜素唑作为BR生物合成抑制剂的第一个候选物。阿霉唑处理降低了植物细胞中BR含量。对油菜新唑靶位点的研究表明，该化合物直接与DWF 4蛋白结合，DWF 4蛋白是一种细胞色素P450单加氧酶，可催化BR侧链的22-羟基化。这些结果表明油菜素唑是BR生物合成的抑制剂。目前存在至少两种BR生物合成抑制剂，其作用类似于BR生物合成中的条件突变。它们允许调查BR在各种植物物种中的功能。BR生物合成抑制剂的标准遗传筛选，以确定赋予这些抑制剂的抗性的突变体的应用程序允许BR信号转导中工作的新组件的鉴定。该方法具有优于使用BR缺陷突变体作为背景的突变体筛选的优点。诱导感兴趣的表型的化学品的开发现在正在成为研究植物生物系统的有用方法，这将是对经典生物化学和遗传学方法的补充。
When exogenous chemicals allow rapid, conditional, reversible, selective, and dose-dependent control of biological functions, they act like conditional mutations, either inducing or suppressing the formation of a specific phenotype of interest. Exploration of the small molecules that induce the brassinosteroid (BR) deficient-like phenotype in Arabidopsis led us to identify brassinazole as the first candidate for a BR biosynthesis inhibitor. Brassinazole treatment reduced BR content in plant cells. Investigation of target site(s) of brassinazole revealed that the compound directly binds to the DWF4 protein, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes 22-hydroxylation of the side chain of BRs. These results suggest that brassinazole is a BR biosynthesis inhibitor. There are currently at least two BR biosynthesis inhibitors that act like conditional mutations in BR biosynthesis. They allow the investigation of the functions of BRs in a variety of plant species. Application of BR biosynthesis inhibitors to a standard genetic screen to identify mutants that confer resistance to these inhibitors allowed the identification of new components working in BR signal transduction. This method has advantages over mutant screens using BR-deficient mutants as a background. Development of chemicals that induce phenotypes of interest is now emerging as a useful way to study biological systems in plants and this would be a complement to classical biochemical and genetic methods.