Effects of oral caffeine pretreatment on response to intravenous nicotine and cocaine.
Effects of oral caffeine pretreatment on response to intravenous nicotine and cocaine.
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口服咖啡因预处理对静脉注射尼古丁和可卡因反应的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/a0020509
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Griffiths,RolandR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson,MatthewW;Strain,EricC;Griffiths,RolandR
先前的研究表明，在长期每天摄入咖啡因的情况下，咖啡因会增加尼古丁的作用。在不经常使用咖啡因的情况下，咖啡因预处理对尼古丁反应的影响尚不清楚。本研究考察了不频繁（非连续几天）急性口服咖啡因是否会改变经常使用咖啡因、烟草和可卡因的人静脉注射尼古丁对受试者的评价、生理和货币价值的影响。为了确定咖啡因对尼古丁反应的特异性影响，还研究了咖啡因对静脉注射可卡因（另一种短效兴奋剂）反应的影响。14名志愿者（1名女性）参加了这项为期3-4周的双盲住院研究。志愿者按伪随机顺序参加了10个实验条件，其中在静脉注射前1小时口服咖啡因（250毫克/70公斤）或安慰剂，包括尼古丁（1或2毫克/70公斤），可卡因（15或30毫克/70公斤）或生理盐水。不频繁的急性咖啡因预处理减弱了2毫克/70公斤尼古丁给药对“兴奋”、“良好效果”、“喜欢”、“兴奋”和“昏昏欲睡/困倦”评级的增加。咖啡因对尼古丁的生理反应没有显著影响。咖啡因对受试者对可卡因的评价和生理反应没有显著影响，但咖啡因显著增加了血压对可卡因的反应。与之前使用长期咖啡因维持的研究相反，这些数据表明，不频繁的急性咖啡因摄入可能会减弱尼古丁的影响。
Previous research suggests that under conditions of chronic daily caffeine administration, caffeine increases the effects of nicotine. Little is known about the effects of caffeine pretreatment on response to nicotine under infrequent caffeine administration conditions. The present study examined whether infrequent (not on consecutive days) acute oral caffeine administration alters subject-rated, physiological, and monetary value effects of intravenous nicotine in regular users of caffeine, tobacco, and cocaine. To determine the specificity of effects of caffeine on response to nicotine, the effects of caffeine administration on response to intravenous cocaine (another short-acting stimulant) were also studied. Fourteen (1 woman) volunteers participated in this 3–4 week, double-blind, inpatient study. Volunteers participated in 10 experimental conditions in pseudorandomized order, in which oral caffeine (250 mg/70 kg) or placebo was administered 1 hr before an intravenous injection, consisting of nicotine (1 or 2 mg/70 kg), cocaine (15 or 30 mg/70 kg), or saline. Infrequent acute caffeine pretreatment attenuated the increase resulting from 2 mg/70 kg nicotine administration on ratings of “rush,”“good effects,”“liking,”“high,” and “drowsy/sleepy.” Caffeine had no significant effect on physiological response to nicotine. Caffeine had no significant effect on subject-rated and physiological response to cocaine, with the exception that caffeine significantly augmented blood pressure response to cocaine. In contrast to the previous research using chronic caffeine maintenance, these data suggest that infrequent acute caffeine administration may attenuate nicotine effects.