Classification of general and personal semantic details in the Autobiographical Interview.
Classification of general and personal semantic details in the Autobiographical Interview.
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自传式访谈中一般和个人语义细节的分类。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107501
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Renoult L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Renoult L
自传式访谈（AI）使用详尽可靠的评分系统将内部（情节）和外部（非情节）细节与转录的协议分开。虽然内部复合材料的细节集中在情景记忆的元素上，但外部细节则更加异质，因为它们旨在捕捉各种非情景话语：一般语义，不同类型的个人语义细节，元认知陈述，重复和关于主题外事件的细节。在衰老和神经退行性疾病中始终观察到升高的外部细节。在本研究中，我们增强了AI评分系统，以区分外部细节的亚型，以测试这些细节在衰老和额颞叶变性（包括混合性额颞叶/语义性痴呆[FTD/SD]和进行性非流利性失语[PNFA]）中的升高是否会特异于一般和个人语义，或者会涉及所有亚型。具体来说，我们将一般语义细节与个人语义细节（包括自传体事实，自我知识和重复事件）分开。随着年龄的增长，外部细节的提升，观察到一般和个人的语义细节，但不为其他类型的外部细节。在额颞叶变性中，FTD/SD患者（但不是PNFA）产生了过多的个人语义细节，但不是一般的语义细节。FTD/SD患者个人而非一般语义细节的增加与SD患者一般语义记忆的普遍受损以及这种情况下概念的个性化一致。在标准的人工智能指令下，外部细节旨在捕捉偏离主题的话语，而不是直接衡量语义能力。未来有关老龄化和痴呆症中语义处理的研究可以修改AI的标准指令，以直接探测语义内容。
The Autobiographical Interview (AI) separates internal (episodic) and external (non-episodic) details from transcribed protocols using an exhaustive and reliable scoring system. While the details comprising the internal composite are centered on elements of episodic memory, external details are more heterogeneous as they are meant to capture a variety of non-episodic utterances: general semantics, different types of personal semantics details, metacognitive statements, repetitions, and details about off topic events. Elevated external details are consistently observed in aging and in neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we augmented the AI scoring system to differentiate subtypes of external details to test whether the elevation of these details in aging and in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (including mixed frontotemporal/semantic dementia [FTD/SD] and progressive non-fluent aphasia [PNFA]) would be specific to general and personal semantics or would concern all subtypes. Specifically, we separated general semantic details from personal semantic details (including autobiographical facts, self-knowledge, and repeated events). With aging, external detail elevation was observed for general and personal semantic details but not for other types of external details. In frontotemporal lobar degeneration, patients with FTD/SD (but not PNFA) generated an excess of personal semantic details but not general semantic details. The increase in personal but not general semantic details in FTD/SD is consistent with prevalent impairment of general semantic memory in SD, and with the personalization of concepts in this condition. Under standard AI instructions, external details were intended to capture off-topic utterances and were not intended as a direct measure of semantic abilities. Future investigations concerned with semantic processing in aging and in dementia could modify standard instructions of the AI to directly probe semantic content.