Astrocytes in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Star-shaped cells illuminating the darkness of CNS autoimmunity
Astrocytes in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Star-shaped cells illuminating the darkness of CNS autoimmunity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.029
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wenjing Yi;D. Schlüter;Xu Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wenjing Yi;D. Schlüter;Xu Wang
人类自身免疫性疾病多发性硬化症（MS）中的神经病理学被认为是由自身反应性白细胞如T细胞、B细胞和巨噬细胞介导的。然而，MS及其动物模型实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）中的炎症和组织损伤也受到中枢神经系统（CNS）中最丰富的细胞群星形胶质细胞的关键调节。在生理条件下，星形胶质细胞对CNS的发育和功能是不可或缺的，而在CNS自身免疫中，星形胶质细胞影响疾病的发病机制、进展和恢复。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在MS和EAE的背景下，这被分为两个相反的方面，一个是有害的和其他有益的星形胶质细胞功能的最新进展。抑制星形胶质细胞的有害功能和/或增强其有益功能可能有利于MS的治疗。
Neuropathology in the human autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be mediated by autoreactive leukocytes, such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages. However, the inflammation and tissue damage in MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is also critically regulated by astrocytes, the most abundant cell population in the central nervous system (CNS). Under physiological conditions, astrocytes are integral to the development and function of the CNS, whereas in CNS autoimmunity, astrocytes influence the pathogenesis, progression, and recovery of the diseases. In this review, we summarize recent advances in astrocytic functions in the context of MS and EAE, which are categorized into two opposite aspects, one being detrimental and the other beneficial. Inhibition of the detrimental functions and/or enhancement of the beneficial functions of astrocytes might be favorable for the treatment of MS.