Susceptibility of Young and Adult Rats to the Oral Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Susceptibility of Young and Adult Rats to the Oral Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
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DOI：
10.1002/smll.201201185
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发表时间：
2013-05-27
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Jia, Guang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yun;Chen, Zhangjian;Jia, Guang
二氧化钛纳米颗粒（TiO 2 NPs）作为食品添加剂具有潜在的应用前景，但其安全性仍然受到关注。儿童被确定为接触最多，可能面临最大的健康风险。然而，不同年龄的TiO 2纳米颗粒的毒理学敏感性尚不清楚。在此，报告了在3周龄（青年）和8周龄（成年）Sprague-Dawley大鼠中以0、10、50、200 mg kg-1体重/天的剂量经口暴露30天后，TiO 2 NP的比较毒性研究。器官质量和组织学，血液生化和氧化还原状态，肠道功能和生物分布的NP的特点。结果表明，二氧化钛纳米颗粒诱导不同的毒性作用，对年轻和成年大鼠。幼鼠肝脏水肿、心脏损伤、胃组织非过敏性肥大细胞活化。另一方面，在成年大鼠中仅发现肝脏和肾脏的轻微损伤以及肠通透性和钼含量的降低。此外，TiO 2 NP暴露可引起还原性应激（即，通过提高年轻大鼠的葡萄糖和GSH水平或降低成年大鼠的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性和GSSG水平，增加血浆中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）/氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）比率）。这些结果表明，不同的年龄可能需要不同的生物标志物来识别和监测纳米颗粒的口服毒性。
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have potential applications as food additives, but concerns persist about their safety. Children are identified as having the highest exposure and may face the greatest health risks. However, the toxicological sensitivity of TiO2 NPs in different ages is not clear. Here, a comparative toxicity study of TiO2 NPs in 3-week (youth) and 8-week (adult) old Sprague-Dawley rats is reported following oral exposure at doses of 0, 10, 50, 200 mg kg1 body weight per day for 30 days. The organ mass and histology, blood biochemistry and redox state, intestinal function, and biodistribution of NPs are characterized. The results show that TiO2 NPs induce different toxic effects on young and adult rats. The liver edema, heart injuries and non-allergic mast cell activation in stomach tissues are found in young rats. On the other hand, only slight injury in the liver and kidney and decreased intestinal permeability and molybdenum contents are found in adult rats. Furthermore, TiO2 NP exposure can provoke reductive stress (i.e., increased reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratios) in plasmas through enhancing the glucose and GSH levels in young rats or reducing the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) acitivity and GSSG levels in adult rats. These results suggest that different ages may require different biomarkers for identifying and monitoring oral toxicity of nanoparticles.