Redressing First Nations historical trauma: Theorizing mechanisms for indigenous culture as mental health treatment
Redressing First Nations historical trauma: Theorizing mechanisms for indigenous culture as mental health treatment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/1363461513487669
复制
发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gone, Joseph P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gone, Joseph P.
土著第一民族社区一直将其不成比例的精神痛苦与欧洲殖民化的历史经历联系在一起。这种对部落社区内殖民化的社会心理遗产的强调，促使人们越来越广泛地考虑第一民族背景下所谓的历史创伤。与创伤性质的个人经历相反，历史创伤的概念要求人们关注过去殖民征服的掠夺所造成的复杂的、集体的、累积的和代际的心理社会影响。一个经常被引用的例子，这种征服，特别是在加拿大是印度寄宿学校。这种学校的设计显然是为了杀死印第安人，拯救人类，其制度上的做法是将第一民族儿童与家庭和社区隔离，同时禁止他们参与土著文化习俗，以便将他们同化到主流社会的下层。寄宿学校幸存者的情况下，从土著社区治疗方案对马尼托巴第一民族保留地，以说明参与传统文化习俗的治疗恢复历史创伤的意义。文化作为治疗的假设疗效的土著理由进行了探讨，注意可能解释这种恢复的合理的治疗机制。如果说恢复土著传统可能会使处于困境的第一民族客户受益，那么以这种方式纠正殖民化造成的社会心理破坏似乎是一种值得进一步研究的有希望的办法。
Indigenous First Nations communities have consistently associated their disproportionate rates of psychiatric distress with historical experiences of European colonization. This emphasis on the socio-psychological legacy of colonization within tribal communities has occasioned increasingly widespread consideration of what has been termed historical trauma within First Nations contexts. In contrast to personal experiences of a traumatic nature, the concept of historical trauma calls attention to the complex, collective, cumulative, and intergenerational psychosocial impacts that resulted from the depredations of past colonial subjugation. One oft-cited exemplar of this subjugationparticularly in Canadais the Indian residential school. Such schools were overtly designed to kill the Indian and save the man. This was institutionally achieved by sequestering First Nations children from family and community while forbidding participation in Native cultural practices in order to assimilate them into the lower strata of mainstream society. The case of a residential school survivor from an indigenous community treatment program on a Manitoba First Nations reserve is presented to illustrate the significance of participation in traditional cultural practices for therapeutic recovery from historical trauma. An indigenous rationale for the postulated efficacy of culture as treatment is explored with attention to plausible therapeutic mechanisms that might account for such recovery. To the degree that a return to indigenous tradition might benefit distressed First Nations clients, redressing the socio-psychological ravages of colonization in this manner seems a promising approach worthy of further research investigation.