CO2 and H2O diluted oxy-fuel combustion for zero-emission power
CO2 and H2O diluted oxy-fuel combustion for zero-emission power
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DOI：
10.1243/095765005x5990
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Chorpening, BT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richards, GA;Casleton, KH;Chorpening, BT
对气候变化的担忧促使人们对零排放发电系统的概念产生了浓厚的兴趣。这些系统的目的是在不向大气中排放二氧化碳的情况下发电。实现这一目标的一种方法是从化石或生物质燃料的气化中生产氢气。利用各种膜技术和重整技术，母燃料中的碳可以转化为二氧化碳，并从燃料流中去除，然后直接封存二氧化碳。氢燃料可以直接用于安装了低NO燃烧室的燃气轮机。生产零排放电力的第二种方法是用二氧化碳或水取代空气中传统燃烧所伴随的氮气稀释剂。在这个概念中，将二氧化碳或水添加到氧气中，以控制氧气-燃料反应的燃烧温度。在没有氮的情况下，任何碳氢化合物在贫氧条件下的主要燃烧产物都只是二氧化碳和水。因此，仅仅冷却废气就会冷凝水，并产生纯二氧化碳的废气，准备进行封存。稀氧燃料燃烧策略可以结合到类似布雷顿或朗肯配置的动力循环中，分别使用二氧化碳或水作为主要稀释剂。虽然各种零排放能源战略的相对优点是各种技术和经济研究的主题，但很少有工作集中于确定与稀氧燃料选择有关的燃烧问题。本文对CO2和H2O稀释系统的预期燃烧性能进行了比较。文中还给出了高压氧燃料燃烧室的实验结果。
Concerns about climate change have encouraged significant interest in concepts for zero-emission power generation systems. These systems are intended to produce power without releasing CO2 into the atmosphere. One method to achieve this goal is to produce hydrogen from the gasification of fossil or biomass fuels. Using various membrane and reforming technologies, the carbon in the parent fuel can be shifted to CO2 and removed from the fuel stream, followed by direct CO2 sequestration. The hydrogen fuel can be used directly in gas turbines fitted with low-NO, combustors. A second approach to producing zero-emission power is to replace the nitrogen diluent that accompanies conventional combustion in air with either CO2 or H2O. In this concept, CO2 or H2O is added to oxygen to control combustion temperatures in oxygen-fuel reactions. In the absence of nitrogen, the primary combustion products for any hydrocarbon under lean conditions are then simply CO2 and H2O. Thus, merely cooling the exhaust stream condenses the water and produces an exhaust of pure CO2, ready for sequestration. The dilute oxy-fuel combustion strategy can be incorporated in power cycles that are similar to Brayton or Rankine configurations, using CO2 or H2O as the primary diluent respectively. While the relative merits of the various strategies to zero-emission power are the subject of various technical and economic studies, very little work has focused on defining the combustion issues associated with the dilute oxy-fuel option. In this paper, the expected combustion performance of CO2 and H2O diluted systems are compared. Experimental results from a high-pressure oxy-fuel combustor are also presented.