A new small-scale system of rainwater harvesting combined with irrigation for afforestation in mine area: Optimizing design and application
A new small-scale system of rainwater harvesting combined with irrigation for afforestation in mine area: Optimizing design and application
复制标题
矿区新型小型雨水收集与灌溉绿化系统：优化设计与应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116129
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Hong Deng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xufei Liu;Lin Zhang;Pute Wu;Hong Deng
植树造林对缓解矿区水土流失、吸附重金属、保护土壤微生物群落结构起着至关重要的作用。然而，土壤干旱、降水变异性、雨水利用效率低等严重制约了树木的早期成活率。建立了一种新型的小型集雨灌溉系统(RWHI)，该系统由集水板、蓄水箱和陶瓷滴头组成。建立了变供水条件下的日水量平衡模型，并进行了实验验证，确定了陶瓷滴头的最优集水面积、蓄水量和额定流量。以乌海乌达矿区为例，通过对当地降雨特征的分析，选取了枯水年、平年和多雨年三个具有代表性的年份。结果表明，利用RWHI系统，根区土壤水分保持在一个合适的范围内(田间持水量与枯萎系数之间)。以系统在不同天气条件和树种下的最大运行可靠性为目标，推荐陶粒滴头额定流量为6mlh-1，蓄水池为25个L，集水面积为1m2，灌水制度为一年两次。给出了充水量估算的一般公式。矿山植被覆盖率显著提高，利用RWHI系统，九里香成活率超过90%。结果表明，RWHI系统在矿区绿化中具有广阔的应用前景。
Afforestation plays a crucial role in the remission of water and soil erosion, adsorption of heavy metals, and protection of soil microbial community structure for mining areas. However, soil drought, the variability of precipitation, and low rainwater use efficiency severely limit the early survival rate of trees. A new small-scale system of rainwater harvesting combined with irrigation (RWHI) for afforestation in mining areas was established, which consisted of a rainwater catching board, storage tanks, and ceramic emitters. A daily water balance model under variable water supply was presented and experimentally verified to confirm the optimum catchment area, the storage capacity of tanks, and the rated discharge of ceramic emitters. Taking the Wuda mining area in Wuhai, China, as a case study, three representative years, including dry, normal, and wet years were selected by analysing local rainfall features. The results showed that the soil water content in the root zone maintained a suitable range (between field capacity and wilting coefficient) using the RWHI system. With the aim of the maximum system operating reliability for various weather conditions and tree species, it was recommended that the rated discharge of the ceramic emitter of 6 ml h-1, storage tanks of 25 L, the catchment area of 1 m2, and filling water schedule of twice a year were employed. A generalised equation for the estimation of the filling water amount was given. The vegetation coverage of the mine was significantly improved, and the survival rate of trees (Murraya paniculate) exceeded 90% using the RWHI system. It was indicated that the RWHI system has a broad application prospect in the afforestation of the mining areas.