Environmental factors and survival strategies of annual plant species in the Negev Desert, Israel
Environmental factors and survival strategies of annual plant species in the Negev Desert, Israel
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1442-1984.2000.00032.x
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Gutterman, Yitzchak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gutterman, Yitzchak
几个环境因素有显着的影响，在植物生命周期的不同阶段，一些最常见的一年生植物在内盖夫沙漠，以色列的互补套生存策略。种子发芽的可塑性可能会随着时间的推移而传播发芽，从而降低物种生存的风险。这种可塑性可能受到种子发育和成熟过程中的日照长度以及种子在母体植物上的位置的影响。种子成熟后的干燥储存温度可能会影响后熟的持续时间。一些植物成熟后产生的微小的尘埃状种子可能会逃脱大规模的种子捕食，并留在土壤中的大型种子库中。其他物种的种子被保护在死的、干燥的、木质的母株上的气生种子库中的木质结构中。通过雨水从这些空中种子库传播种子的策略也可能阻止动物大量收集种子。“谨慎”或“机会主义”的发芽策略和幼苗耐旱性可能会增加幼苗存活在许多植物物种下不可预测的数量和分布的雨水在这些沙漠地区。降雨量、温度、相对湿度、土壤开始湿润的时间（白天或夜晚）、种子大小和历史以及种子在土壤中的深度等因素可能会影响发芽率。植物发育过程中的日照长度和土壤含水量可能对初花期的株龄、种子产量和植物寿命有显著影响。
Several environmental factors have pronounced influences on the complementary sets of survival strategies, at different stages of the plant life cycle, of some of the most common annual plants in the Negev Desert, Israel. Plasticity of seed germination may spread germination over time and thus reduce the risk to species survival. This plasticity may be affected by day length during seed development and maturation and by position of seeds on mother plants. Post-seed maturation dry storage temperatures may affect the duration of after-ripening. The tiny, dust-like seeds produced by some plants that are dispersed by wind after maturation may escape massive seed predation and remain in large seed banks in the soil. Seeds of other species are protected in lignified structures in aerial seed banks on dead, dry, lignified mother plants. Seed dispersal strategies from these aerial seed banks by rain may also prevent massive seed collection by animals. The 'cautious' or 'opportunistic' germination strategy and seedling drought tolerance may increase seedling survival in many of the plant species under the unpredictable amounts and distribution of rain in these desert areas. Factors such as amount of rain, temperature, relative humidity, time of the beginning of soil wetting (day or night), seed size and history and the depth of seeds in the soil may affect germination percentages. Day length and soil water content during plant development may have a pronounced influence on plant age at first flowering, seed yield and plant life span.