Direct observation of distinct A/P hybrid-state tRNAs in translocating ribosomes.

Direct observation of distinct A/P hybrid-state tRNAs in translocating ribosomes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.str.2009.12.007
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发表时间:
2010-02-10
期刊:
Structure (London, England : 1993)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gilbert RJC
Gilbert RJC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Flanagan JF 4th;Namy O;Brierley I;Gilbert RJC

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转运RNA(transfer RNA,tRNA)是将基因密码以信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)的形式连接到蛋白质序列上的分子。tRNA通过核糖体从氨酰基(A)位点到肽基(P)位点以及从P位点到出口位点的移位在真核生物中由移位酶延伸因子2(EF-2)催化,在原核生物中由其同源物EF-G催化。在tRNA运动过程中,一个或多个“杂交”状态(A/P)被占据,但它们和易位过程的分子细节是有限的。在这里,我们表明,通过冷冻电子显微镜,一个人口的哺乳动物核糖体停滞在mRNA的假结结构包含结构扭曲的tRNA在两个不同的A/P杂交状态。在一个(A/P′)中,tRNA与移位酶EF-2接触,从而诱导它;在另一个(A/P″)中,移位酶不存在。这些替代A/P中间状态的存在与我们对易位的力学和动力学的理解有关。
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) link the genetic code in the form of messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein sequence. Translocation of tRNAs through the ribosome from aminoacyl (A) site to peptidyl (P) site and from P site to exit site is catalyzed in eukaryotes by the translocase elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and in prokaryotes by its homolog EF-G. During tRNA movement one or more “hybrid” states (A/P) is occupied, but molecular details of them and of the translocation process are limited. Here we show by cryo-electron microscopy that a population of mammalian ribosomes stalled at an mRNA pseudoknot structure contains structurally distorted tRNAs in two different A/P hybrid states. In one (A/P′), the tRNA is in contact with the translocase EF-2, which induces it. In the other (A/P″), the translocase is absent. The existence of these alternative A/P intermediate states has relevance to our understanding of the mechanics and kinetics of translocation.
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