Gene aberrations for precision medicine against lung adenocarcinoma.
Gene aberrations for precision medicine against lung adenocarcinoma.
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DOI：
10.1111/cas.12941
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Kohno T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito M;Shiraishi K;Kunitoh H;Takenoshita S;Yokota J;Kohno T
肺腺癌（LADC）是最常见的肺癌组织学类型，通常由肿瘤细胞中驱动癌基因的畸变引发。这种畸变的实例是EGFR突变和ALK融合。携带这种突变的肺腺癌可以用靶向异常基因产物的抗癌药物治疗。其他癌基因畸变，包括RET、ROS 1和NRG 1融合、MET外显子14的跳跃以及BRAF、HER 2、NF 1和MEK 1的突变，最近被添加到此类“可药物化”驱动癌基因畸变的列表中，目前正在临床试验中评估其对靶向治疗的反应。然而，日本和欧洲/美国患者中分别约30%和50%的LADC缺乏上述驱动癌基因畸变。因此，迫切需要新的治疗策略，例如利用具有非癌基因畸变的癌细胞的脆弱性。本文综述了针对LADC的精准医学研究现状，并列举了近期的研究重点。
Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), the most frequent histological type of lung cancer, is often triggered by an aberration in a driver oncogene in tumor cells. Examples of such aberrations are EGFR mutation and ALK fusion. Lung adenocarcinoma harboring such mutations can be treated with anticancer drugs that target the aberrant gene products. Additional oncogene aberrations, including RET,ROS1, and NRG1 fusions, skipping of exon 14 of MET, and mutations in BRAF,HER2,NF1, and MEK1, were recently added to the list of such “druggable” driver oncogene aberrations, and their responses to targeted therapies are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. However, approximately 30% and 50% of LADCs in patients in Japan and Europe/USA, respectively, lack the driver oncogene aberrations listed above. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies, such as those that exploit the vulnerabilities of cancer cells with non‐oncogene aberrations, are urgently required. This review summarizes the current status of research on precision medicine against LADC and enumerates the research priorities for the near future.