Small-Scale Human Impact Anthropomorphic Test Device Using the Similarity Rule.
Small-Scale Human Impact Anthropomorphic Test Device Using the Similarity Rule.
复制标题
使用相似规则的小型人体影响拟人测试装置。
DOI：
10.1109/tie.2020.3003590
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Tomoyuki Miyashita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Satoshi Miura;Souhei Takahashi;Victor Parque;Tomoyuki Miyashita
拟人测试设备(ATD)可用于模拟交通事故中的人体伤害。对于大型事故，如火车事故，由于成本、空间和时间的要求，使用全尺寸ATD进行实验是不可行的。然而，开发小规模的ATD是困难的，因为几何结构的变化不一定伴随着质量或力的相应变化。在本研究中，我们利用相似准则设计并开发了小型人体假人。我们确定了相似比，并将重点放在颈部、胸部和腹部，这对保护器官和神经非常重要。基于ISO TR9790指标的跌落、冲击和雪橇试验被用来评估ATD。第一个ATD的得分为4.69，这表明它的生物保真度尚可；在雪橇和撞击测试中，颈部和胸部的得分分别较低。用有限元方法对ATD的行为进行了模拟，实验值和解析值基本一致。我们使用模拟结果修改了颈部和胸部参数，并使用冲击和雪橇测试对优化的ATD进行了评估。优化后的ATD得了6.56分，这表明它具有很好的生物保真度。总之，我们开发了一种能够令人满意地模拟人类行为的小规模ATD。使用拟议的ATD，我们可以减少全面实验的机会。
Anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) are useful for simulating human damage during traffic accidents. For large accidents such as train accidents, experiments using full-size ATDs are not feasible because of cost, space, and time requirements. However, it is difficult to develop small-scale ATDs because changes in geometry are not necessarily accompanied by commensurate changes in mass or force. In this study, we designed and developed small-scale human dummies using the similarity rule. We determined the similarity ratio and focused on the neck, chest, and abdomen, which are important for protecting organs and nerves. Drop, impact, and sled tests based on ISO TR9790 indicators were used to evaluate the ATD. The first ATD scored 4.69, which indicates “fair biofidelity”; the neck and chest delivered low scores during the sled and impact tests, respectively. We simulated the behavior of the ATD using finite element analysis; the experimental and analytical values were consistent. We modified the neck and chest parameters using simulation results and evaluated the optimized ATD using impact and sled tests. The optimized ATD scored a 6.56, which indicates “good biofidelity.” In conclusion, we developed a small-scale ATD capable of satisfactorily simulating human behavior. Using the proposed ATD, we can reduce the opportunities for full-scale experiments.