Incentivizing Users for Balancing Bike Sharing Systems
Incentivizing Users for Balancing Bike Sharing Systems
复制标题
DOI：
10.1609/aaai.v29i1.9251
复制
发表时间：
2015-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Singla;M. Santoni;Gábor Bartók;Pratik Mukerji;Moritz Meenen;Andreas Krause
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Singla;M. Santoni;Gábor Bartók;Pratik Mukerji;Moritz Meenen;Andreas Krause
自行车共享系统最近被越来越多的城市采用，作为一种新的交通方式，为公民提供灵活、快速和绿色的出行选择。用户可以在自己选择的站点取车或还车，无需事先通知或安排时间。这种灵活性的提高带来了不可预测和波动的需求以及自行车不规则流动模式的挑战。因此，这些系统可能会出现不平衡问题，例如车站无法提供自行车或停车位。有鉴于此，运营商部署车队重新分配自行车，以保证理想的服务水平。我们能否让用户自己来解决共享单车系统的不平衡问题？在本文中，我们解决了这个问题，并提出了一种众包机制，通过为用户提供挑选或归还自行车的替代选择以换取金钱激励，来激励用户参与自行车重新定位过程。我们设计了激励系统的完整架构，该系统采用在线学习中遗憾最小化的方法，采用最优定价策略。我们研究了我们机制的激励兼容性，并通过基于调查研究收集的数据的模拟对其进行了广泛的评估。最后，我们通过智能手机应用程序在公共交通公司运营的大型自行车共享系统的用户中部署了所提出的系统，并提供了该实验部署的结果。据我们所知，这是现实世界的自行车共享系统中部署的第一个自行车重新分配的动态激励系统。
Bike sharing systems have been recently adopted by a growing number of cities as a new means of transportation offering citizens a flexible, fast and green alternative for mobility. Users can pick up or drop off the bicycles at a station of their choice without prior notice or time planning. This increased flexibility comes with the challenge of unpredictable and fluctuating demand as well as irregular flow patterns of the bikes. As a result, these systems can incur imbalance problems such as the unavailability of bikes or parking docks at stations. In this light, operators deploy fleets of vehicles which re-distribute the bikes in order to guarantee a desirable service level. Can we engage the users themselves to solve the imbalance problem in bike sharing systems? In this paper, we address this question and present a crowdsourcing mechanism that incentivizes the users in the bike repositioning process by providing them with alternate choices to pick or return bikes in exchange for monetary incentives. We design the complete architecture of the incentives system which employs optimal pricing policies using the approach of regret minimization in online learning. We investigate the incentive compatibility of our mechanism and extensively evaluate it through simulations based on data collected via a survey study. Finally, we deployed the proposed system through a smartphone app among users of a large scale bike sharing system operated by a public transport company, and we provide results from this experimental deployment. To our knowledge, this is the first dynamic incentives system for bikes re-distribution ever deployed in a real-world bike sharing system.